Battery Cell Side-Wall Venting to Protect Adjacent Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lithium batteries face safety issues due to internal pressure and temperature rise during abnormal use, leading to potential explosions and secondary damage to adjacent cells when pressure relief occurs, reducing safety and reliability.
Innovation Solution
A battery design with a pressure relief region on the housing wall that releases pressure along a direction intersecting the cell's main axis, using a fragile portion formed by grooves or a pressure relief sheet to prevent impact on adjacent cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a pressure relief region is disposed at an end cap of a battery cell to release internal pressure, then the pressure relief function is improved, but the released pressure impacts adjacent battery cells causing secondary damage
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure relief region is designed with asymmetric orientation where the relief opening is configured to release pressure in a direction away from adjacent battery cells. This asymmetric arrangement ensures that when internal pressure builds up, the relief mechanism directs the pressure discharge laterally or upward rather than toward neighboring cells, eliminating the harmful impact while preserving the pressure relief function.
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure relief mechanism transitions from a conventional end-cap-based design to a side-wall integrated design. By disposing the pressure relief region on the housing wall rather than at the end cap, the pressure is released in a different spatial dimension (laterally along the first direction) rather than axially toward adjacent cells, thereby solving the impact problem while maintaining effective pressure relief.
2Ease of manufacture
If a fragile portion is formed by making a first groove in the pressure relief region to reduce manufacturing complexity, then the processing convenience is improved, but the structural strength is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The first groove is created only in specific localized regions of the housing wall where structural strength is less critical, rather than throughout the entire housing. This localized groove formation reduces manufacturing complexity in the pressure relief area while preserving the overall structural integrity of the battery cell housing, as the grooves are confined to non-load-bearing or low-stress zones.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively releases internal pressure without damaging adjacent cells, enhancing safety by preventing secondary explosions and reducing manufacturing complexity and costs.
Implementation Method 1
The pressure relief region is configured to release pressure along a second direction when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold. The second direction intersects the first direction.
Implementation Method 2
The fragile portion is formed on the first wall by making a first groove in the pressure relief region. A thickness of the fragile portion is less than a thickness of a remaining part of the first wall.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for manufacturing a battery are provides. In some embodiments, the battery includes: a plurality of battery cells arranged along a first direction. Each battery cell includes an end cap and a housing, an opening is made at an end of the housing along the first direction, the end cap is configured to close the opening, and the housing includes a first wall extending along the first direction. A pressure relief region is provided on the first wall. The pressure relief region is configured to release pressure along a second direction when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold. The second direction intersects the first direction. In this way, various embodiments improve safety of the battery.