Battery Module SOC Monitoring for Parallel Cell Defect Detection

The patent segments the monitoring function by dividing the battery module into multiple virtual sub-modules through software algorithms. Each virtual sub-module corresponds to a specific battery cell or group of cells, allowing independent monitoring and defect detection even when cells are physically connected in parallel. The controller processes voltage and current data to calculate SOC for each virtual sub-module separately.

The patent implements preliminary monitoring and detection of capacity differences between battery cells before they can cause in-rush current damage. The system continuously calculates SOC for each virtual sub-module and compares capacity characteristics, enabling early warning and preventive measures to be taken before harmful in-rush currents occur during charging or discharging operations.

The patent makes the controller perform multiple functions: it manages overall battery module operation, segments and monitors individual virtual sub-modules, calculates SOC for each segment, detects defects, and identifies abnormal cells. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate monitoring hardware for each cell, reducing system complexity and cost while maintaining high defect detection capability.