Battery SOH Estimation Using SOC Region and Temperature Weighting

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for estimating battery State of Health (SOH) are inaccurate due to errors from current sensor offsets and the need for full charge and discharge cycles, and do not adequately consider temperature and SOC change regions.

Innovation Solution

A battery SOH estimating apparatus and method that corrects SOH estimates based on SOC change amount, region, and temperature, using a weight calculation that combines voltage, current, and temperature factors to refine initial SOH estimates.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the ampere counting method is used to estimate SOH, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to the need for full charge and discharge cycles

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveSOH estimation accuracyVSAvoidestimation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by estimating SOH using only a portion of the battery capacity range rather than requiring full charge and discharge. The method calculates SOH based on voltage measurements at specific SOC points (e.g., 30% and 70% SOC) during normal operation, eliminating the need for complete cycling while maintaining estimation accuracy through selective measurement at critical points.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

2Measurement precision

If the ampere counting method is used, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to current sensor offset changes

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveSOH estimation accuracyVSAvoidcurrent sensor compensation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the dependency on current sensors by replacing the ampere counting method with a voltage-based SOH estimation method. By measuring only voltage at specific SOC points and using voltage-SOC correlations, the system removes the complex current sensor offset compensation requirements while maintaining estimation precision through alternative measurement principles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the mechanical/electrical current measurement system with an electrical voltage measurement system. Instead of using current sensors and integrating current over time, the method uses voltage measurements combined with voltage-SOC correlation data to estimate SOH, replacing a complex measurement chain with a simpler voltage-based approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If full charge and discharge cycles are performed, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery capacity measurement accuracyVSAvoidtime for full cycling
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-establishing voltage-SOC correlation data through full charge-discharge cycles during battery manufacturing or initial calibration. This preliminary characterization creates lookup tables or mathematical models that map voltage to SOC. During normal operation, SOH estimation uses only brief voltage measurements at specific points, leveraging the pre-computed correlations to avoid repeated full cycling while maintaining accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP4198537B1Battery SOH estimating apparatus and method
Publication Date: 2026.03.18 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP4198537B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4198537B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4198537B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A battery SOH estimating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a SOH estimating unit configured to estimate a first SOH of a battery based on the measured voltage and current of the battery; a SOC change calculating unit configured to calculate a SOC change region and a SOC change amount of the battery based on the measured voltage; a weight calculating unit configured to calculate a weight based on a SOC region factor calculated by comparing the SOC change region with a preset criterion SOC region, a SOC change amount factor based on the SOC change amount, and a temperature factor based on the measured temperature of the battery; and a SOH correcting unit configured to correct the first SOH according to the calculated weight and a preset second SOH.