Battery Swapping Cabinet With Bidirectional Power Backup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery swapping and charging station systems face challenges such as the need for uninterruptible power supplies, unidirectional battery charging, and inefficient power management during AC input failures or normal operations.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves a battery swapping cabinet with an AC-to-DC converter, multiple charging/discharging DC converters, batteries, auxiliary DC converters, and a main board that manages power states based on the availability of the three-phase AC power supply, enabling bidirectional power flow and efficient power management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an uninterruptible power supply with idle batteries is installed to maintain operation during mains power failure, then system reliability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the battery system perform multiple functions: during normal operation, batteries are charged from the mains; during mains failure, they automatically switch to power supply mode. The bidirectional DC converter enables the same hardware to function as both a charging device and an uninterruptible power supply, eliminating the need for separate idle standby batteries and reducing system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically switches between charging mode and discharge mode based on the operational state of the mains power supply. The bidirectional DC converter can operate in forward mode (charging batteries) or reverse mode (powering the system from batteries), allowing the battery system to adapt its function in real-time rather than requiring static idle standby capacity.
2Device complexity
If portable batteries are charged in only one direction, then charging system simplicity is maintained, but power utilization efficiency deteriorates when mains power is available
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional DC converter dynamically changes its power flow direction based on system needs. When mains power is available, it charges batteries (forward mode). When mains power fails or when AC discharge is needed, it reverses power flow to discharge batteries (reverse mode). This dynamic reversibility maximizes power utilization without significantly increasing system complexity.
3Reliability
If the system enters idle state when portable battery is fully charged, then battery overcharging is prevented, but power resource utilization deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of entering an idle state when batteries are fully charged, the system continuously utilizes battery capacity by enabling AC discharge functionality. When mains power is available, fully charged batteries can immediately discharge through the bidirectional DC converter to supply AC power to external loads, ensuring continuous useful action and maximizing power resource utilization without compromising battery protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for uninterrupted operation of the batteries, efficient power utilization, and multiple power supply modes, addressing the limitations of current systems by enhancing power management and flexibility.
Implementation Method 1
an AC-to-DC converter (11), a plurality of charging/discharging DC converters (13-1, 13-2, . . . , 13-N), a plurality of batteries (14-1, 14-2, . . . , 14-N), a first auxiliary DC converter (15), and a main board (16)
Implementation Method 2
The plurality of charging/discharging DC converters (13-1, 13-2, . . . , 13-N) respectively receive the DC bus voltage VBUS, and convert the DC bus voltage VBUS into a plurality of DC voltages V1, V2, . . . , VN
Implementation Method 3
The plurality of batteries (14-1, 14-2, . . . , 14-N) is correspondingly connected to the plurality of charging/discharging DC converters (13-1, 13-2, . . . , 13-N), and receive the plurality of DC voltages V1, V2, . . . , VN
Implementation Method 4
The first auxiliary DC converter (15) receives the DC bus voltage VBUS, and converts the DC bus voltage VBUS into a first state voltage VS1
Data Source
AI summary
A battery swapping cabinet includes an AC-to-DC converter, a plurality of charging/discharging DC converters, a plurality of batteries, a first auxiliary DC converter, and a main board. The AC-to-DC converter converts an AC power supply into a DC bus voltage. The charging/discharging DC converters respectively receive the DC bus voltage and convert the DC bus voltage into a plurality of DC voltages. The plurality of batteries receives the plurality of DC voltages. The first auxiliary DC converter receives the DC bus voltage and converts the DC bus voltage into a first state voltage. The main board receives the first state voltage and a second state voltage. According to a state of the AC power supply, the main board provides the first state voltage or the second state voltage to the plurality of batteries to maintain the power required for the uninterrupted operation of the plurality of batteries.