Battery Swelling Force Sensing With Temperature Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery management systems (BMS) struggle to accurately measure battery swelling due to temperature-related distortions, and existing direct measurement methods like force measurement are cumbersome and require complex setups.
Innovation Solution
A battery swelling force measurement apparatus using first and second force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) to measure resistance changes from swelling and temperature, respectively, with a controller correcting the swelling force signal based on temperature changes to provide accurate readings.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If force measurement method is used to accurately measure swelling force, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to complicated equipment structure and separate fixing devices
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the force sensor, temperature sensor, and battery into a single integrated measurement unit. The force sensor is directly mounted on the battery surface without requiring separate fixing devices or jigs, merging multiple measurement functions into one compact apparatus that accurately measures both swelling force and temperature simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The measurement apparatus is designed to perform multiple functions: it measures both swelling force through the force sensor and temperature through the temperature sensor, providing comprehensive battery state monitoring without requiring separate measurement systems for each parameter
2Measurement precision
If temperature compensation is implemented using second sensors and heat transfer plates, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to additional components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces heat transfer plates as intermediary components between the battery and the sensors. These plates facilitate efficient thermal coupling between the battery and temperature sensor, enabling accurate temperature measurement and compensation without requiring complex thermal management systems
Solution Approach 2:
The measurement system is segmented into distinct functional modules: force sensing elements for swelling measurement, temperature sensing elements for thermal monitoring, and heat transfer plates for thermal coupling. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently while maintaining overall system simplicity
3Difficulty of detecting and measuring
If dilatometry is used to measure swelling displacement, then measurement capability is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates when battery is pre-loaded by end plates or pressing jigs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical dilatometry system with an electrical sensing system. Instead of using mechanical dilatometers that attach to the battery surface, the invention uses force sensors that convert mechanical swelling force directly into electrical signals, providing accurate measurements even when the battery is pre-loaded or constrained by end plates
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise real-time monitoring of battery swelling forces, reducing the risk of explosions and fires by compensating for temperature-induced errors, thus ensuring accurate and reliable battery state assessment.
Implementation Method 1
a first plurality of sensors configured to be in contact with two sides of a battery cell and measure, based on a swelling force of the battery cell, a change in resistance of the battery cell
Implementation Method 2
a second plurality of sensors configured to be in contact with outer surfaces of the heat transfer plates and measure, based on a temperature of the battery cell, a change in the resistance
Implementation Method 3
heat transfer plates configured to be in contact with outer surfaces of the first plurality of sensors
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for monitoring battery swelling may comprise first sensors configured to be in contact with a battery cell and measure, based on a swelling force of the battery cell, a change in resistance of the battery cell, heat transfer plates configured to be in contact with outer surfaces of the first sensors, second sensors configured to be in contact with outer surfaces of the heat transfer plates and measure, based on a temperature of the battery cell, a change in the resistance, a pair of end plates configured to be in contact with outer surfaces of the second sensors and fasten, based on a fastening pressure, the battery cell, the first sensors, the heat transfer plates, and the second sensors, and a controller configured to adjust, based on an output signal of a sensor of the second sensors, an output signal of a corresponding sensor of the first sensors.