Battery Electrode Tab Layout for Fast Charging and Lower Heat
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fast-charge batteries face challenges in shortening charging or discharging time while minimizing temperature increments, which can lead to risks such as spontaneous combustion due to increased heat.
Innovation Solution
An electrochemical device design featuring an electrode assembly with strategically positioned tabs, where the first tab is connected to the first electrode plate at 10% to 60% of its length and the second tab at 60% to 100%, overlapping to support each other, enhancing bending resistance and shock resistance, and bonding pieces to seal and stabilize the device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the battery is charged at a high C-rate to shorten charging time, then the charging speed is improved, but the temperature increment increases and the risk of spontaneous combustion rises
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode plate is divided into multiple segments along the winding direction, with each segment having an independent tab connection point. This segmentation allows current to be collected from multiple locations simultaneously, effectively increasing the current collection area and reducing resistance during high-rate charging, thereby mitigating temperature rise while maintaining fast charging capability
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the electrode plate are designed with different tab connection positions (10%-60% and 60%-100% of total length), creating non-uniform current distribution that optimizes local heat generation characteristics. This local quality variation ensures that no single region becomes an excessive heat source while maintaining overall high charging efficiency
2Device complexity
If a single tab is used to connect the electrode plate, then the device structure is simple, but the tab is prone to breakage and the shock resistance is poor
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple tabs of the same polarity are merged and connected to different segments of the same electrode plate, forming a redundant connection system. This merging strategy ensures that if one tab is damaged, other tabs continue to provide electrical connection, significantly improving reliability and shock resistance without substantially increasing structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The overlapping arrangement of tab projections and the use of multiple tabs create a cushioning effect against mechanical stress and impact forces. This prior cushioning design protects the tab connection system from breakage before actual damage occurs, enhancing the overall robustness of the battery structure
Data Source
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AI summary
This application discloses an electrochemical device (100) and an electrical device. The electrochemical device (100) includes a housing (10), an electrode assembly (20), a first tab (31), a second tab (32), and a third tab (41). The first tab (31) and the second tab (32) are connected to the first electrode plate (21), and partially protrude out of the housing (10). A protruding part of the second tab (32) out of the housing (10) is connected to a protruding part of the first tab (31) out of the housing (10). Along a first direction (X), a projection of the protruding part of the first tab (31) out of the housing (10) overlaps a projection of the protruding part of the second tab (32) out of the housing (10). By starting from a first leading end (211), the first tab (31) is connected to the first electrode plate (21) at a 10% to 60% point of a total length of the first electrode plate (21), and the second tab (32) is connected to the first electrode plate (21) at a 60% to 100% point of the total length of the first electrode plate (21), thereby shortening the charging or discharging time of the electrochemical device (100), reducing the temperature increment in a charging or discharging process, improving the bending resistance of the first tab (31) and the second tab (32), reducing the risk of breakage of the first tab (31) and/or the second tab (32), and improving the shock resistance of the electrochemical device (100).