Transport Refrigeration Battery Temperature Control via Power Electronics

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing transport refrigeration systems face performance and lifespan issues due to battery damage from extreme temperatures, which affect the chemical reaction and power output of batteries.

Innovation Solution

Implementing power electronics to control battery temperature using a controller that adjusts cooling rates and switching frequencies based on ambient temperature, utilizing fans, pumps, and heat generation to maintain optimal operating conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If batteries are used to power components in extreme temperatures, then the transport refrigeration system can operate, but the battery performance and lifespan deteriorate due to temperature damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem operation capabilityVSAvoidbattery performance and lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A temperature control system acts as an intermediary between the battery and the extreme temperature environment. The system uses sensors to detect battery temperature and activates cooling or heating mechanisms to maintain the battery within optimal temperature ranges, preventing temperature-related damage while allowing continuous system operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts operational parameters based on temperature conditions. When extreme temperatures are detected, the controller modifies battery usage patterns, activates thermal management systems, and adjusts power delivery parameters to protect battery performance and extend lifespan

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If cooling systems are added to control battery temperature, then battery reliability improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery temperature controlVSAvoidsystem component count
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The temperature control system is integrated with existing transport refrigeration components. The same cooling mechanisms that cool the refrigeration compartment are utilized to cool the battery, and heating elements serve dual purposes for both compartment and battery temperature management, reducing overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The battery temperature control functions are merged with the main refrigeration control system. Sensors, controllers, and actuation mechanisms are shared between the refrigeration management and battery thermal management, eliminating redundant components and simplifying the overall system architecture

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances battery performance and reliability by preventing damage from extreme temperatures, ensuring consistent power supply to the transport refrigeration system.

Implementation Method 1

the controller adjusts... switching frequencies... to maintain optimal operating conditions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

utilizing fans, pumps, and heat generation to maintain optimal operating conditions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Data Source

PatentEP4242024B1Transport refrigeration system with battery temperature control
Publication Date: 2025.08.13 CARRIER CORP
  • EP4242024B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4242024B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4242024B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A transport refrigeration system (100) includes a compressor (104), a condenser (106) and an evaporator (108) configured to circulate a refrigerant; a motor (102) configured to drive the compressor (104); a battery (112) and power electronics (110) configured to power the motor (102); an ambient air temperature sensor (232) configured to monitor ambient air at the battery (212); a cooling unit (214) configured to cool the power electronics (110); and a controller (210) configured to: receive an ambient air temperature of a compartment (208) housing the battery (112); compare the ambient air temperature to a temperature threshold; and based at least in part on the comparing the ambient air temperature to the temperature threshold, performing at least one of (i) modifying a cooling rate of the cooling unit (214) and (ii) modify an operating parameter of the power electronics (110).