Battery Cell Temperature Control Using Adaptive Impedance Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining the operating temperature of battery cells in electrical systems incur significant energy losses due to impedance-based measurements, while direct measurement is costly and indirect methods may lead to unreliable results.
Innovation Solution
A method that detects external and internal temperatures of battery cells, adjusting the frequency of internal temperature determination based on predefined safe ranges to minimize energy loss and ensure reliable temperature measurement, using a combination of external sensors and impedance measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If impedance-based temperature determination is used, then reliability of temperature measurement is improved, but energy loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the measurement frequency adaptive rather than static. The control unit dynamically adjusts the impedance measurement frequency based on temperature thresholds: continuous measurement when temperature exceeds the threshold (high reliability needed), and reduced frequency when within threshold (energy conservation). This resolves the contradiction by making reliability provisional only when necessary.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of measurement frequency based on temperature conditions. By comparing the determined temperature against a predefined threshold and adjusting the measurement frequency accordingly, the system optimizes the balance between reliability and energy consumption. This parameter adaptation allows the system to maintain sufficient measurement reliability while minimizing energy loss during normal operating conditions.
2Reliability
If continuous impedance measurement is performed, then temperature determination reliability is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by switching between continuous impedance measurement (when temperature exceeds threshold) and intermittent measurement at reduced frequency (when temperature is within threshold). This periodic adaptation of measurement frequency ensures reliable temperature determination is maintained only when necessary, while reducing energy consumption during stable operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by performing impedance measurements at full frequency only when temperature exceeds the threshold. When temperature is within the threshold range, the measurement frequency is reduced to a partial level, providing sufficient monitoring without the excessive energy consumption of continuous full-frequency measurement. This partial action optimizes the balance between reliability and energy use.
3Measurement precision
If direct temperature measurement is used, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses electrical impedance as an intermediary parameter to indirectly determine temperature. Instead of directly measuring temperature with complex sensors inside the battery cell, the system measures electrical impedance (a simpler, less invasive parameter) and correlates it with temperature. This intermediary approach achieves sufficient measurement precision while avoiding the complexity and cost of direct temperature measurement devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces mechanical/physical temperature sensors with an electrical measurement approach. By using electrical impedance measurement instead of physical temperature probes, the system achieves temperature determination with reduced device complexity. The electrical measurement method substitutes the need for complex thermal sensing hardware while maintaining adequate measurement precision for operational control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for reliable determination of battery cell temperatures with reduced energy consumption, maintaining high accuracy and operational efficiency by optimizing temperature measurement frequency based on safe ranges, thereby enhancing the operational reliability of battery cells in vehicles and electrical devices.
Implementation Method 1
an internal temperature of the battery cell is determined by detecting an electrical impedance of the battery cell
Data Source
AI summary
A method for determining an operating temperature of a battery cell in which (i) a value of a measure variable for determining an external temperature of the battery cell is detected, (ii) an internal temperature of the battery cell is determined by detecting an electrical impedance of the battery cell, and (iii) a value of the operating temperature of the battery cell is determined from the external and/or the internal temperature. The internal temperature of the battery cell in a first operating state of the battery cell is determined more frequently when the value of the determined external temperature, the internal temperature and/or the operating temperature lies within a predefined first safe range, and is determined less frequently when the value of the determined external temperature, the internal temperature and/or the operating temperature lies outside the predefined first safe range.