Battery Thermal Control via Power Gradient Dynamics

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery temperature control systems in vehicles, particularly those with lithium-ion batteries, face inefficiencies due to delayed temperature measurements and averaging methods that fail to accurately respond to rapid changes in electrical power demand, leading to suboptimal cooling or heating reactions.

Innovation Solution

A device and method that determine temperature control commands based on the gradient of electrical power delivered by the battery, adjusting consideration durations accordingly to match real-time power demands, thereby enhancing the reactivity of the air conditioning circuit and valve operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If temperature control commands are determined based on the last measurement of battery temperature and averaged electrical power, then the control system is simple to implement, but the reactivity to rapid changes in electrical power demand is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of control implementationVSAvoidreactivity to power demand changes
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the consideration duration variable rather than fixed. The control device adapts the duration based on the gradient of electrical power demand: using a first (shorter) duration when power demand is rapidly changing and a second (longer) duration when power demand is stable. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to maintain simplicity while improving reactivity to rapid changes in electrical power demand.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of consideration duration based on the gradient of electrical power. By calculating the gradient and selecting different durations accordingly, the system optimizes its response time without increasing overall complexity. This parameter change enables the control device to react quickly when needed while maintaining simplicity during stable operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Speed

If a sliding average of electrical powers is calculated continuously over the last N seconds, then the reactivity to power demand changes is improved, but the device complexity increases due to storage requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereactivity to power demand changesVSAvoidstorage and calculation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the calculation of electrical power average into two distinct approaches based on operating conditions: using a shorter consideration duration when power gradient is high and a longer duration when power gradient is low. This segmentation avoids the need to continuously store and calculate over a fixed long period, reducing memory and computational requirements while maintaining reactivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes the consideration duration dynamic rather than fixed, adjusting it based on the gradient of electrical power demand. This dynamic approach eliminates the need for continuous storage of N seconds of power data, as the system only needs to store power measurements for the currently selected duration, significantly reducing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Device complexity

If a fixed averaging period is used to determine control commands, then the control logic is simple, but the accuracy of temperature control during rapid power changes deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of control logicVSAvoidaccuracy of temperature control
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameter of averaging period based on the gradient of electrical power. When the gradient is high (rapid power changes), a shorter period is used to capture current conditions accurately. When the gradient is low (stable power), a longer period provides smoother control. This adaptive parameter change maintains simple control logic while significantly improving temperature control accuracy during rapid power changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes the averaging period dynamic, adjusting it according to real-time power gradient conditions. This dynamic adaptation allows the control system to maintain accuracy during rapid changes without requiring complex control logic, as the adjustment is based on a simple gradient calculation of the power demand.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Ease of operation

If the same consideration duration is used regardless of power gradient, then the control device is simple to operate, but the adaptability to different power demand phases is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of control operationVSAvoidadaptability to power demand phases
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the consideration duration parameter based on the detected phase of power demand (increasing or decreasing). By automatically selecting different durations according to the power gradient, the system achieves high adaptability to different operating phases while maintaining ease of operation, as the selection is automated and does not require user intervention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes the control device dynamic by automatically adapting the consideration duration to the current power demand phase. This dynamic behavior provides versatility across different operating conditions while keeping the device simple to operate, as the adaptation occurs automatically based on real-time power measurements without requiring user configuration or intervention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for more precise adaptation of cooling and heating responses to the battery's real-time power needs, reducing temperature lag and maintaining the battery within its optimal operating range, thus improving efficiency and lifespan.

Implementation Method 1

an air conditioning circuit exchanging calories with this battery via a valve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP3532336B1Device and method for controlling the temperature of a battery as a function of the electric power output gradient
Publication Date: 2020.11.25 PSA AUTOMOBILES SA
  • EP3532336B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3532336B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The invention relates to a device (DC) which controls the temperature of a battery (B1) outputting variable electric power for supplying at least one electrical system (EQ) of a vehicle (V) comprising an air-conditioning circuit (CC) exchanging heat energy with said battery (B1) via a valve (VC), as a function of commands. This device (DC) comprises control means (MC) arranged to determine a gradient of the electric power output by the battery (B1) in a chosen period, then to determine an application time as a function of the predetermined gradient, next to determine a value representing the electric power output by the battery (B1) during said predetermined application time, and finally to determine each command as a function of a last measurement of the temperature of the battery (B1) and said predetermined value.