Battery Pack Thermal Barrier Structure for Fire Propagation Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion battery stacks face insufficient fire propagation prevention despite initial fire extinguishing measures, as residual heat can ignite adjacent batteries, leading to further fire propagation.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design incorporating a case with heat-insulating or endothermic materials between batteries and a fire extinguisher, which includes a resin layer and fire-extinguishing agent, to block heat transfer and prevent unexpected fire propagation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If heat-insulating material is disposed between batteries, then fire propagation prevention is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the self-fire-extinguishing layer and heat-insulating layer into a single integrated fire protection structure that is disposed between adjacent batteries. This combined structure performs both fire extinguishing and heat insulation functions simultaneously, reducing the number of separate components needed while maintaining comprehensive fire protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The fire protection structure serves multiple functions: it provides initial fire extinguishing through the self-fire-extinguishing layer, prevents fire propagation through the heat-insulating layer, and maintains structural separation between batteries. This multi-functionality reduces overall device complexity by consolidating multiple protective roles into a single integrated component.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents fire propagation between lithium-ion batteries by insulating heat and using a fire extinguisher to extinguish flames, reducing damage from ignition and external fire risks.
Implementation Method 1
at least one of a heat-insulating material or an endothermic material disposed between the plurality of batteries... can, when a battery is ignited, block heat so as to make it difficult for the heat to be transferred to an adjacent battery
Implementation Method 2
The endothermic material may include a material that exhibits an endothermic reaction at a temperature of 150° C. or higher and has an endothermic value of 500 J/g or more
Implementation Method 3
a fire extinguisher disposed in the case... the fire-extinguishing layer may include a base material and a fire-extinguishing agent laminated on the base material
Data Source
AI summary
A battery pack includes: a case; a plurality of batteries housed in the case; at least one of a heat-insulating material or an endothermic material disposed between the plurality of batteries; and a fire extinguisher disposed in the case. The heat-insulating material suppresses heat transfer to adjacent batteries when a battery is ignited. The heat-insulating material also blocks heat after the fire is extinguished by the action of the fire extinguisher.