Battery Thermal Prediction for Low-Temperature Vehicle Startup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery management systems in electric vehicles face challenges with normal startup at low temperatures due to increased internal resistance and reduced output power, leading to potential energy cutoffs and abnormal energy flows, which can damage components and cause inconvenience and costly repairs.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that predict future temperature conditions and charge the battery accordingly to ensure sufficient output power for startup by using prediction profile information generated from surrounding weather station data and climate information, allowing the battery to maintain required output power even at low temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the vehicle is parked at low temperature, then the battery internal resistance increases and output power decreases, but normal startup becomes impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary warming of the battery before startup by controlling the heater to maintain battery temperature above a threshold value. This preliminary thermal preparation ensures the battery has sufficient output power for normal startup even when ambient temperature is low, resolving the contradiction between cold temperature conditions and startup power requirements.
2Power
If the battery is warmed before startup, then the output power increases, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors battery temperature and compares it with a threshold value to control the heater. The heater is activated only when the battery temperature falls below the threshold, and deactivated when it reaches or exceeds the threshold. This feedback-based control ensures the battery is warmed only to the minimum necessary extent, providing sufficient output power while minimizing energy consumption.
3Ease of operation
If the heater is controlled based on ambient temperature only, then the control is simple, but the battery temperature may not be sufficient for startup
Solution Approach 1:
The system introduces a temperature threshold value as an intermediary parameter that directly reflects battery thermal state and startup capability. Instead of using complex ambient temperature calculations, the controller simply compares actual battery temperature with this threshold to determine heater control. This intermediary approach maintains control simplicity while ensuring reliable startup by directly monitoring the critical parameter - battery temperature.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures normal startup of electric vehicles at low temperatures by accurately predicting and compensating for battery output power, preventing damage and reducing repair costs by anticipating and preparing for temperature-related power reductions.
Implementation Method 1
batteries are a crucial factor for the quality of the moving objects. A battery of a fuel cell-based vehicle may be charged by power generation of the fuel cell.
Implementation Method 2
a fuel cell-based electric vehicle using a fuel cell connected to a battery as an energy source
Data Source
AI summary
A method for managing a battery of a moving object includes generating, prediction profile information for predicting a future temperature at a position of the moving object, based on surrounding station information and current position information of the moving object, determining a lowest estimated temperature based on an observed outdoor temperature at a shutdown request, a predicted shutdown temperature at the shutdown request, and a lowest predicted temperature of the prediction profile information, and charging a first battery by using a second battery so that a required output power for start-up is secured in response to a predicted available output power of the first battery being equal to or smaller than the required output power for start-up.