Battery Top Cover Vent Structure for Short-Circuit Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries face safety concerns due to potential external short-circuits caused by liquid infiltration, which can lead to electrical connections between positive and negative electrode plates, compromising safety and performance.
Innovation Solution
A secondary battery top cover assembly featuring a conductive plate with a gas hole surrounded by a protrusion portion, an insulating cover, and a deformable plate, where the gas hole's arc-shaped smooth transition portion reduces flow resistance and facilitates gas escape, preventing liquid from reaching the deformable plate and minimizing the risk of short-circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a gas hole is provided in the conductive plate to facilitate gas escape, then the sensitivity and safety of the secondary battery are improved, but liquid may infiltrate through the gas hole and cause external short-circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The gas hole is designed with an arc-shaped smooth transition portion that creates a curved surface profile. This curvature causes liquid to follow the arc shape and flow along the inner wall rather than directly entering the gas hole, while still allowing gas to escape efficiently through the opening.
Solution Approach 2:
The solution moves from a simple planar hole design to a three-dimensional arc-shaped structure. The arc-shaped smooth transition portion adds a dimensional element that redirects liquid flow along the curved surface, separating liquid infiltration paths from gas escape paths in the vertical and radial dimensions.
2Manufacturing precision
If the gas hole has a straight inner wall to simplify manufacturing, then the manufacturing precision is improved, but gas flow resistance increases and sensitivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The arc-shaped smooth transition portion creates a curved flow path that reduces turbulence and resistance compared to a straight hole with sharp edges. The curved geometry allows gas to flow more smoothly and rapidly through the hole, enhancing the deformable plate's sensitivity to pressure changes.
3Reliability
If the deformable plate is made highly sensitive to detect small pressure changes, then the safety response time is improved, but the plate may deform prematurely under normal operating conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The deformable plate is designed with non-uniform thickness, being thinner at the center and thicker at the edges. This local variation in geometry creates different mechanical properties in different regions, allowing the center to be more flexible and sensitive to pressure changes while the edges provide structural stability and prevent premature deformation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enhances the sensitivity and safety of the secondary battery by accelerating gas flow and preventing liquid ingress, thus avoiding external short-circuits and ensuring reliable operation.
Implementation Method 1
An inner wall of the gas hole includes an arc-shaped smooth transition portion
Implementation Method 2
the deformable plate is connected to the top cover plate... when a preset internal pressure is applied
Implementation Method 3
The insulating cover includes a covering portion disposed above the conductive plate and covering the protruding portion and the gas hole
Implementation Method 4
A space defined between the cover and the first deformable plate has a negative pressure
Data Source
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AI summary
The present disclosure provides a secondary battery top cover assembly, a secondary battery and a vehicle. The top cover assembly includes: a top cover plate; an electrode terminal; and a short-circuit component including a deformable plate and a conductive plate disposed above the deformable plate. The deformable plate is connected to the top cover plate, and the conductive plate is connected to the electrode terminal. The conductive plate includes a body portion and a protrusion portion protruding upwardly from the body portion, the conductive plate is provided with a gas hole, and the gas hole cuts through the protrusion portion and the body portion, an inner wall of the gas hole includes an arc-shaped smooth transition portion.