Battery Heat Exchange Control Using Two-Phase Refrigerant Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current batteries suffer from low reliability due to non-uniform temperature distribution and inefficient heat management, leading to thermal runaway and potential safety issues.
Innovation Solution
A heat exchange system with a thermal management component, throttling apparatus, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor that regulates the flow rate of a gas-liquid mixed heat exchange medium to maintain consistent temperature and phase, using a compressor, condenser, and heating system to optimize thermal management and reduce liquid impact on components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a conventional heat exchange medium is used in liquid state, then the heat exchange system is simple in structure, but the temperature distribution is non-uniform and thermal management efficiency is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes phase transition of the heat exchange medium between liquid and gas states. The medium absorbs heat during vaporization and releases heat during condensation, maintaining constant temperature during phase change. This enables uniform temperature distribution in the battery thermal management system while improving thermal management efficiency through the latent heat of phase transition.
2Productivity
If the flow rate of heat exchange medium is increased, then the heat exchange efficiency is improved, but the liquid impact on compressor and other components increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system controls the heat exchange medium to undergo phase transition from liquid to gas before entering the compressor, preventing liquid impact damage. The gas-liquid separator removes liquid droplets from the gas phase medium, ensuring only gas enters the compressor while maintaining high heat exchange efficiency through controlled phase change.
3Reliability
If the heat exchange medium is kept in single phase, then the system control is simple, but the thermal management effect is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs phase transition control of the heat exchange medium between liquid and gas states to enhance thermal management effectiveness. By controlling the phase change process, the system achieves superior heat absorption and release capabilities compared to single-phase systems, while the added control complexity is managed through phase change detection and regulation mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves uniform temperature distribution, enhancing battery performance and reliability by preventing thermal runaway and reducing energy consumption.
Implementation Method 1
the first heat exchange medium in a liquid state may be vaporized into a gas. Before and after the vaporization, the first heat exchange medium changes in phase but not in temperature. Or, the first heat exchange medium in a gas state may be liquefied into a liquid. Before and after the liquefaction, the first heat exchange medium changes in phase but not in temperature.
Implementation Method 2
The first heat exchange medium flowing out from the medium outlet is compressed by the compressor into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas.
Implementation Method 3
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the condenser and is then cooled into a high-temperature and high-pressure subcooled liquid
Implementation Method 4
the high-temperature and high-pressure subcooled liquid passes through the throttling apparatus and then becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid mixed state
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
A heat exchange system, a battery and a control method, which relate to the field of batteries. The heat exchange system comprises a thermal management component, a throttling device, a first temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the thermal management component comprises a first medium inlet and a medium outlet; the throttling device is in communication with the first medium inlet; the first temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of a first heat exchange medium at the medium outlet; and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the first heat exchange medium at the medium outlet. The throttling device responds to the first temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, so as to regulate a flow entering the first medium inlet, such that the first heat exchange medium in the thermal management component is in a gas-liquid mixed state. By making a first heat exchange medium in a thermal management component be in a gas-liquid mixed state, when the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with a workpiece, the first heat exchange medium undergoes a phase change without a change in temperature. Thus, the temperature uniformity of the thermal management component is better, and the thermal management effect on the workpiece is better, thereby improving the reliability of the workpiece.