Battery Explosion Prevention Valve With Temperature-Sensitive Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing explosion prevention valves in battery cores lack adaptability to varying operating conditions, maintaining a fixed opening pressure regardless of whether the battery is in control or out of control, leading to potential safety hazards.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a temperature-sensitive film made of plastic with a critical breaking pressure value inversely proportional to temperature, which, in normal conditions, increases the opening pressure and in abnormal conditions, reduces it to facilitate rapid valve opening.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the opening pressure of the explosion prevention valve is maintained at a high fixed value, then the valve is protected from accidental opening during normal operation, but the valve cannot open rapidly when the battery is out of control
Solution Approach 1:
The explosion prevention valve transitions from a static fixed opening pressure design to a dynamic adaptive design. The valve opening pressure changes based on battery temperature conditions: at normal temperatures it maintains high pressure to prevent accidental opening, while at elevated temperatures it reduces pressure to enable rapid opening during thermal runaway events.
Solution Approach 2:
The valve utilizes temperature as a control parameter to dynamically adjust the opening pressure. Through the temperature-sensitive film, the system automatically modifies the critical breaking pressure based on temperature changes, achieving adaptive pressure adjustment without external control systems.
2Speed
If the opening pressure of the explosion prevention valve is set to a low fixed value, then the valve can open rapidly when the battery is out of control, but the valve may open accidentally during normal operation
Solution Approach 1:
The valve uses temperature as a control parameter to dynamically adjust the opening pressure. At normal operating temperatures, the valve maintains high opening pressure to ensure reliability. When temperature rises indicating thermal runaway, the valve automatically reduces the opening pressure to enable rapid response.
Solution Approach 2:
The valve system is self-regulating through the temperature-sensitive film that automatically responds to temperature changes. The system detects thermal conditions and autonomously adjusts the opening pressure without requiring external sensors or control systems, achieving both safety and rapid response capabilities.
3Device complexity
If the explosion prevention valve uses a fixed opening pressure design, then the structure is simple, but the valve has poor adaptability to different operating conditions of the battery core
Solution Approach 1:
The valve incorporates a temperature-sensitive film that causes the opening pressure to vary with temperature. This allows the single valve structure to adapt to different operating conditions - maintaining high pressure during normal operation and reducing pressure during thermal runaway - without requiring multiple valves or complex control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The valve utilizes composite material properties through the temperature-sensitive film, which combines materials with different thermal responses. This composite approach enables the valve to exhibit different mechanical properties (opening pressure) at different temperatures, achieving adaptability while maintaining structural simplicity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances the explosion prevention valve's adaptability by maintaining a high opening pressure in normal conditions to prevent accidental opening and rapidly opening when the battery is out of control, improving safety and response speed.
Implementation Method 1
The temperature-sensitive film is made of plastic, and has a critical breaking pressure value which is inversely proportional to a temperature of the explosion prevention valve
Data Source
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AI summary
An explosion prevention valve, a cover plate assembly, a battery core, a battery pack, and an electrical system are provided. The explosion prevention valve includes a main body, an explosion prevention piece, and a temperature-sensitive film. The main body is provided with a pressure relief hole extending through a thickness direction thereof. The explosion prevention piece is connected to the main body. The explosion prevention piece is arranged to cover the pressure relief hole. The temperature-sensitive film is connected to the main body. The temperature-sensitive film is arranged to cover the pressure relief hole. The temperature-sensitive film is made of plastic, and has a critical breaking pressure value which is inversely proportional to a temperature of the explosion prevention valve. In the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the temperature-sensitive film is arranged in the explosion prevention valve. When the battery core is in a normal operating condition, the temperature-sensitive film and the explosion prevention piece jointly cover the pressure relief hole of the main body, to increase an opening pressure of the pressure relief hole, so as to reduce a risk of accidentally opening the pressure relief hole. When the battery core is out of control, a high temperature generated after the battery core is out of control quickly softens the temperature-sensitive film, to reduce the critical breaking pressure value of the temperature-sensitive film, so as to reduce the opening pressure of the explosion prevention valve, thereby quickly opening the valve.