Battery Module Vent Shielding Against Chain Ignition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery technologies face challenges in preventing chain ignition of battery cells, which can lead to catastrophic failures.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design incorporating a housing, battery cells with electrode assemblies, a cap plate, terminals, vents, and a holder system with specific sheet configurations to manage pressure and prevent ignition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If a vent is provided between terminals to release pressure, then pressure relief function is improved, but risk of chain ignition increases
Solution Approach 1:
An inner sheet is introduced as an intermediary component between the vent and the external environment. The inner sheet selectively blocks the vent to prevent flame propagation to adjacent battery cells while allowing pressure relief during normal thermal expansion, thus mediating between pressure relief requirements and chain ignition prevention
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful function of the vent (flame propagation path) is separated from its useful function (pressure relief). The inner sheet extracts the harmful flame release function while preserving the useful pressure relief function, allowing the vent to serve only its beneficial purpose
2Reliability
If holder structure is added to manage pressure, then safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The holder structure is segmented into multiple functional components: a main holder body for structural support, an inner sheet for vent management, and an outer sheet for additional protection. Each segment performs a specific safety function, allowing complex safety requirements to be met through modular, manageable components
Solution Approach 2:
Safety is enhanced by adding dimensional layers (inner sheet and outer sheet) rather than simply increasing the size of existing components. This multi-layer approach provides safety through depth and configuration rather than through sheer scale, managing complexity through spatial arrangement
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module includes a housing, a plurality of battery cells, each of which includes an electrode assembly, a case accommodating the electrode assembly, a cap plate sealing the case, a pair of terminals protruding from the cap plate, and a vent between the terminals, the plurality of battery cells arranged in the housing in a first direction, a holder in the housing and facing the cap plate, and an inner sheet between the cap plate and the holder to cover the vent.