Battery Module Vent Channel Sealing to Contain Thermal Runaway Flames

The patent applies local quality by differentiating the functional properties of different regions within the ventilation system. The airflow guiding channel allows normal airflow for heat dissipation, while the intumescent insulation layer provides flame-blocking capability specifically at the channel walls. This localized functional differentiation resolves the contradiction by maintaining heat dissipation in normal operation while preventing flame escape during thermal runaway.

The patent utilizes parameter changes through the intumescent insulation layer that undergoes a dramatic transformation when exposed to high temperatures. The layer expands from its initial thin state (0.51-0.54 mm) to form a thick insulating barrier, changing its physical parameters in response to temperature conditions. This allows the same structure to serve dual purposes: maintaining airflow during normal operation and blocking flames during thermal runaway.

The patent applies dynamics by making the insulation layer's blocking capability conditional and dynamic rather than static. The intumescent layer remains thin and non-obstructive during normal operation, allowing free airflow for heat dissipation. When thermal runaway occurs and high temperatures are detected, the layer dynamically expands to provide flame blocking. This dynamic response resolves the contradiction by adapting the structure's properties to operational conditions.

The patent utilizes phase transitions of the intumescent insulation layer material in response to temperature changes. The material undergoes a phase transition from a compact, thin state at normal temperatures to an expanded, voluminous state at high temperatures. This phase transition enables the same material to facilitate airflow during normal operation while blocking flames during thermal runaway, resolving the contradiction between heat dissipation and flame prevention.

The patent applies the principle of using a thin, simple-to-install intumescent sticker rather than a thick, complex insulation structure. The sticker is designed to be thin (0.51-0.54 mm) for easy attachment to the airflow guiding channel, yet it provides effective flame blocking through its intumescent properties when activated. This approach reduces device complexity and manufacturing difficulty while maintaining flame blocking capability.

The patent utilizes composite materials by incorporating intumescent additives into the insulation layer sticker. This composite structure combines the base material with intumescent compounds that trigger volumetric expansion when exposed to high temperatures. The composite material approach enables the thin sticker to achieve effective flame blocking without requiring increased thickness or structural complexity, resolving the contradiction between flame blocking capability and device simplicity.