Battery Housing Vent Sealing for Thermal Runaway Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems in mobile bodies, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, face challenges in ensuring adequate ventilation for heat dissipation during normal operation while maintaining safety post-ignition, as they are often designed to submerge in liquid after temperature thresholds are reached, which complicates re-ignition prevention and safe collection.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a housing with vent holes that are closed by thermally expandable refractory materials when a predetermined temperature is exceeded, combined with a cooling system and fire extinguishing agents to prevent fire spread and ensure submersion in discharge-treatment liquids post-ignition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If vent holes are provided in the housing to ensure ventilation during normal operation, then heat dissipation is improved, but fire spread risk increases when battery temperature exceeds predetermined threshold
Solution Approach 1:
The vent hole closure member transitions from an open state during normal operation to a closed state when temperature exceeds the predetermined threshold. This dynamic state change allows the system to adapt to different operational conditions, providing ventilation when needed and preventing fire spread when dangerous temperatures are reached.
Solution Approach 2:
The closure member's physical state changes in response to temperature parameter changes. When the battery temperature exceeds the predetermined threshold, the closure member transforms from allowing air flow to blocking it, thereby changing the ventilation parameter based on temperature conditions.
2Reliability
If the housing is sealed to prevent fire spread, then safety is improved, but heat dissipation during normal operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The housing transitions from an open configuration during normal operation to a sealed configuration when temperature exceeds the threshold. This dynamic sealing mechanism ensures safety when needed while maintaining heat dissipation capabilities during normal operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The vent hole closure member is extracted or separated from the main housing structure, allowing it to move independently between open and closed positions. This enables the housing to maintain its primary function of heat dissipation while incorporating a separate safety mechanism for fire prevention.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If liquid is supplied to submerge the battery after temperature threshold is reached, then fire extinguishment is improved, but re-ignition prevention becomes complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The vent hole closure member performs preliminary action by closing the vent holes before liquid is supplied to submerge the battery. This preliminary sealing action prevents air ingress that could lead to re-ignition, simplifying the overall fire suppression system by addressing re-ignition prevention proactively rather than requiring complex post-submersion control mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The closure member acts as an intermediary between the temperature detection system and the liquid supply system. By closing the vent holes in response to temperature thresholds, it mediates the transition to fire suppression mode and prepares the environment for effective liquid submersion while preventing re-ignition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution ensures effective ventilation during normal operation, suppresses fire spread, and facilitates safe extinguishment and submersion of batteries, preventing re-ignition and enabling safe collection by automatically sealing vent holes and using fire extinguishing agents and cooling liquids.
Implementation Method 1
a closing member that closes the vent hole when a temperature of the closing member exceeds a predetermined temperature
Data Source
AI summary
A mobile body includes a battery, a housing, and a closing member. The housing has a vent hole and accommodates the battery. The closing member closes the vent hole when a temperature of the closing member exceeds a predetermined temperature.