Battery Pack Vent Assembly for Thermal Runaway Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems face challenges with thermal runaway, leading to increased temperature and pressure within the battery pack, which can cause malfunction and destruction.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a vent system within the battery pack that includes a carrier plate, an annular ring, a seal, a valve, a cover, and a compressible disc, designed to manage pressure and facilitate safe venting of gases.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a vent system is added to manage pressure during thermal runaway, then safety and reliability are improved, but device complexity increases due to additional components like carrier plate, annular ring, valve, and cover
Solution Approach 1:
The vent system is divided into separate functional components: a carrier plate with openings for gas passage, an annular ring providing structural support and defining the vent aperture, a valve mechanism for controlled opening, a compressible disc for sealing, and a cover for protection. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function optimally while enabling modular assembly and maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The vent system components are nested within each other: the valve is disposed within the lumen defined by the annular ring, the compressible disc is positioned between the valve and cover, and the entire assembly is mounted on the carrier plate. This nested arrangement compactly integrates multiple functions into a space-efficient configuration within the battery pack housing.
2Manufacturing precision
If the vent system uses a valve mechanism to control gas release, then pressure management precision is improved, but the response time may be delayed compared to direct venting
Solution Approach 1:
The valve mechanism is designed to change its state (open/close) in response to pressure parameter changes within the battery pack. The compressible disc acts as a pressure-sensitive element that deforms under elevated pressure to trigger valve opening, enabling automatic pressure-controlled venting without external control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The vent system components, particularly the compressible disc and valve, are pre-positioned and pre-loaded during assembly. The compressible disc is compressed between the valve and cover, creating a pre-tensioned sealing arrangement that will automatically release when pressure exceeds the pre-set threshold, enabling rapid response without active control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The vent system effectively manages pressure and facilitates safe venting, reducing the risk of battery pack malfunction and destruction during thermal runaway events.
Implementation Method 1
a compressible disc between valve and the cover
Implementation Method 2
designed to manage pressure and facilitate safe venting of gases
Data Source
AI summary
A vent system is disclosed that is positionable in an outer wall of a battery pack. The vent system can include a carrier plate, an annular ring extended from the carrier plate, a valve disposed in a lumen of the annular ring, and a plurality of spokes extending from the annular ring toward a central axis of the annular ring, the plurality of spokes configured to melt during thermal runaway and expose a hole of the outer wall of the battery pack.