Battery Cell Venting With Avoidance Chamber for Safer Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
The safety of batteries is compromised due to the risk of internal pressure and temperature buildup leading to potential explosions or fires, as existing pressure relief mechanisms often discharge emissions directly, posing a risk to adjacent battery cells and electrical components.
Innovation Solution
A battery design incorporating a thermal management component with an avoidance chamber that accommodates the pressure relief mechanism, allowing emissions to be discharged away from the battery cell, reducing the risk of damage to electrode terminals and improving thermal management efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the pressure relief mechanism discharges emissions directly from the battery cell, then the internal pressure is released, but the emissions pose a risk to adjacent battery cells and electrical components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful emissions from the direct discharge path by introducing an avoidance chamber that redirects the emissions away from critical components. The pressure relief mechanism is modified to discharge into the avoidance chamber rather than directly outward, separating the emission source from vulnerable electrical components and adjacent battery cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The avoidance chamber serves as an intermediary structure between the pressure relief mechanism and the external environment. This intermediate chamber captures and redirects emissions, preventing direct contact with electrode terminals and electrical components while still achieving pressure relief functionality.
2Productivity
If the thermal management component is placed close to the battery cell for efficient thermal management, then thermal management efficiency is improved, but the pressure relief mechanism may interfere with the thermal management component
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the avoidance chamber into the thermal management component structure. The thermal management component includes both the thermal management function and the avoidance chamber for emission redirection, combining two functions into a single integrated component to reduce overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The avoidance chamber is nested within the thermal management component structure. The thermal management component contains the avoidance chamber as an internal feature, allowing the pressure relief mechanism to discharge into the nested chamber while the outer thermal management component maintains close contact with the battery cell for efficient thermal management.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances battery safety by directing emissions away from critical components, reducing the risk of electrical shorts and thermal runaway, while improving thermal management and space efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a thermal management component for containing a fluid to adjust a temperature of the battery cell
Implementation Method 2
the pressure relief mechanism being configured, when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold, to be actuated to release the internal pressure
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present application provide a battery. The battery includes: a battery cell comprising a pressure relief mechanism, at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism protruding outward from a first wall of the battery cell, and the pressure relief mechanism being configured, when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold, to be actuated to release the internal pressure; a thermal management component for containing a fluid to adjust a temperature of the battery cell; wherein a first surface of thermal management component is attached to the first wall of the battery cell, the first surface of thermal management component is provided with an avoidance chamber, and the avoidance chamber is configured to accommodate the at least portion of the pressure relief mechanism. According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the safety of the battery can be enhanced.