Battery Pack Venting Layout for Fire-Safe Cooling Airflow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Power supply devices with external fire prevention structures face a trade-off between preventing external fires and maintaining effective cooling performance, as labyrinth areas obstruct cooling air flow, leading to decreased cooling efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A power supply device with a closed case structure that includes a guide clearance, expansion chamber, and redirection areas to redirect high-temperature, high-pressure jet substances, allowing cooling air to flow and cool the battery block while safely discharging the jet substance outside.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If labyrinth areas with complex flow paths are used to discharge jet substance and prevent external fires, then external fire prevention is improved, but cooling air flow is obstructed leading to decreased cooling performance
Solution Approach 1:
The case internal space is segmented into distinct functional zones: a jet substance discharge path (labyrinth area) for safety and a separate cooling air flow path for thermal management. This segmentation allows the jet substance to be redirected through specific discharge routes while cooling air flows independently through clear paths to the battery block, eliminating the trade-off between fire prevention and cooling performance
Solution Approach 2:
A redirection structure acts as an intermediary element that intercepts the jet substance discharged from battery cells and redirects it away from the cooling air flow path. This mediator prevents the hot jet substance from interfering with the cooling function while still allowing safe discharge outside the case, thus maintaining both safety and cooling efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively prevents external fires and maintains efficient cooling performance by redirecting and diffusing the jet substance, reducing its energy and temperature before discharge, thus ensuring safety and optimal thermal management.
Implementation Method 1
discharge valves that open in response to an abnormality to discharge a jet substance
Implementation Method 2
The expansion chamber includes a redirection area and a blowing duct area inside
Implementation Method 3
allows the cooling air flowing into the case through the air holes in the end face plate to be blown to the cooling surface of the battery block through the blowing duct area in the expansion chamber to cool the battery cells
Data Source
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AI summary
To safely discharges a jet substance from battery cells to prevent an external fire and have improved cooling performance, a power supply device includes a case 2 housing a battery block 10. The case 2 has a closed structure, with a case body 20 having two ends closed with end face plates 23. The battery block 10 includes a discharge surface 10A including first end faces 15 of a plurality of battery cells 1 aligned flush with one another and a cooling surface 10B that cools the battery block 10. The case 2 has a guide clearance 51 for the jet substance and an expansion chamber 53 inside. The guide clearance 51 is located between the case body 20 and the discharge surface 10A. The expansion chamber 53 is located inward from one of the end face plates 23 and between the end face plate 23 and the cooling surface 10B. The end face plates 23 have air holes 40 through which cooling air flows into the case 2 and the jet substance is discharged outside the case 2. The expansion chamber 53 includes a redirection area 54 to redirect the jet substance flowing in through the guide clearance 51 and a blowing duct area 55 through which the cooling air is blown to cool the cooling surface 10B.