Battery Gas Venting Disk With Dual-Flow Path Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional gas venting devices for battery modules and packs have limitations in discharge flow amount, are prone to choking phenomena, and generate shock waves due to unstable gas flow, compromising safety and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A gas venting device with a dual-flow path design, featuring a first flow path with decreasing cross-sectional area and a second flow path with increasing area, coupled with a venting disk that ruptures at a predetermined pressure, to stabilize gas flow and enhance discharge capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a conventional aluminum case structure is used for battery modules, then manufacturing cost is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but protection against external impact and intrusion is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite case structure combining aluminum alloy and plastic materials. The aluminum case provides structural strength and rigidity, while plastic components (such as the cover plate and sealing elements) provide impact absorption and sealing. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by achieving both ease of manufacture (through aluminum extrusion technology) and enhanced protection (through multi-material construction with different functional properties).
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a nested structure where the plastic cover plate is positioned over the aluminum case, and additional protective elements are integrated within the case structure. This layering approach allows the aluminum case to provide primary structural support while nested plastic components provide additional impact protection and sealing, thereby enhancing reliability without significantly complicating manufacturing.
2Reliability
If thermal runaway occurs in a battery module, then safety hazards arise from gas pressure and temperature, but conventional cases lack effective gas venting and heat dissipation mechanisms
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the gas venting function from the sealed case structure by incorporating dedicated venting channels and openings in the cover plate and case body. These extracted venting pathways allow gas to escape safely during thermal runaway events. Similarly, heat dissipation features are integrated into the case structure, separating the thermal management function from the primary containment structure, thereby enhancing safety without requiring entirely new system architectures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary structures such as heat dissipation fins, venting channels, and sealing elements that mediate between the internal battery environment and external conditions. These intermediary features facilitate controlled gas release and heat transfer during thermal events, providing safety functionality while maintaining the integrity of the overall case structure.
3Reliability
If the battery module uses a sealed case structure, then protection against external environment is improved, but gas accumulation during thermal runaway creates pressure hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of gas accumulation during thermal runaway into a controlled venting process. The case structure includes strategically positioned venting channels and openings that allow gas to escape in a controlled manner rather than building up pressure. The sealing elements are designed to maintain protection under normal conditions while allowing controlled gas release during thermal events, thereby transforming the potential hazard into a managed safety feature.
4Strength
If aluminum alloy is used for the case, then strength and heat dissipation are improved, but corrosion resistance and sealing performance may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite material construction where aluminum alloy provides structural strength and rigidity, while plastic components (cover plate, sealing elements) provide corrosion resistance. The aluminum case is treated with protective coatings or anodization to enhance its natural corrosion resistance. This multi-material approach allows each material to contribute its superior properties, resolving the contradiction between strength and corrosion resistance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dual-flow path design increases the discharge flow rate, prevents shock waves, and allows for higher rupture pressure, thereby improving safety and stability in battery modules and packs.
Implementation Method 1
a first sealing component disposed at the first end of the battery module and sealing the first end of the battery module, and a second sealing component disposed at the second end of the battery module and sealing the second end of the battery module, so as to form a sealing cavity between the first sealing component and the second sealing component
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3(a)~3(b)
Figure 4
AI summary
Disclosed herein relates to a gas venting device, a battery module and a battery pack including the same, in which, by reducing and increasing the cross-sectional area of a flow path according to a gas discharge direction, a larger flow amount of gas can be discharged even when using a venting disk of the same area.