Battery Cell Venting Layout for Thermal Failure Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery technologies face safety issues due to violent thermal failure reactions in high-energy density cells, which can trigger chain reactions and compromise overall battery safety.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a first battery cell with a higher energy density and a larger pressure relief mechanism area than a second battery cell, along with a second battery cell with a lower energy density and a smaller pressure relief mechanism area, to timely release internal pressure and reduce the likelihood of chain reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If high energy density battery cells are used, then battery capacity and energy storage are improved, but thermal failure reactions become more violent and safety deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The battery is divided into multiple battery cells with different energy densities (first battery cells with high energy density and second battery cells with low energy density). This segmentation allows the high energy density cells to provide capacity while the low energy density cells act as safety buffers to mitigate thermal failure reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the battery have different energy density characteristics. The first battery cells are positioned in specific regions to maximize energy storage, while second battery cells are positioned in other regions to provide thermal safety, creating local quality differences that balance capacity and safety.
2Reliability
If pressure relief mechanism area is increased, then pressure release effectiveness is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure relief mechanisms have different areas matched to their respective battery cell types. The first pressure relief mechanisms corresponding to high energy density cells have larger areas for effective pressure release, while the second pressure relief mechanisms have smaller areas, optimizing each component for its specific function without unnecessary complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively manages thermal failures by allowing high-energy cells to release pressure promptly through larger mechanisms, reducing the risk of chain reactions and enhancing overall battery safety.
Implementation Method 1
a first pressure relief mechanism, and the first pressure relief mechanism is configured to be actuated when internal pressure or temperature of the first battery cell reaches a threshold, to release the internal pressure of the first battery cell
Data Source
AI summary
This application relates to the field of energy storage technologies, and provides a battery, an apparatus, a preparation method of battery, and a preparation apparatus of battery. The battery includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell. The first battery cell includes a first pressure relief mechanism, the second battery cell includes a second pressure relief mechanism, an energy density of the first battery cell is greater than an energy density of the second battery cell, and an area of the first pressure relief mechanism is greater than an area of the second pressure relief mechanism. The apparatus includes the foregoing battery.