Battery Case Venting Structure for Thermal Runaway Gas Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary battery cell assemblies can ignite due to various events, leading to flames and high-temperature gases that cause secondary ignition or chain ignition of adjacent cells, posing a risk to surrounding components.
Innovation Solution
A battery device with a cell assembly and a case featuring venting portions that include a hole cover surrounded by cut-out regions, a sealing member, and a configuration to direct gas discharge externally, preventing gas transfer to other cells and delaying or preventing secondary ignition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If a battery cell assembly ignites and releases gases, then the gases can be discharged externally, but the gases may cause secondary ignition or chain ignition of adjacent cell assemblies
Solution Approach 1:
A venting portion is introduced as an intermediary component between the battery cell assembly and the external environment. This venting portion includes a venting hole and a sealing member that controls gas discharge, directing it away from adjacent cell assemblies to prevent secondary ignition while still allowing pressure relief
Solution Approach 2:
The case is divided into multiple regions including a first region with the venting portion and a second region that remains sealed. This segmentation allows selective gas discharge from specific areas while maintaining isolation in other regions, preventing uncontrolled gas spread to adjacent cells
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the case surface is cut to form venting portions, then gas can be discharged, but the structural integrity and sealing of the case is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing member in the venting portion is designed to be dynamically controllable, transitioning between sealed and open states based on internal pressure conditions. This allows the case to maintain sealing integrity during normal operation while automatically opening for gas discharge when pressure exceeds safe thresholds
Solution Approach 2:
The venting system utilizes pressure parameter changes to control the sealing state. When internal pressure remains below a threshold, the sealing member maintains case integrity. When pressure exceeds the threshold, the sealing member opens to discharge gas, then reseals when pressure normalizes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively directs gases away from adjacent cell assemblies, reducing the risk of secondary ignition and thermal runaway, thereby protecting surrounding components and ensuring safer battery operation.
Implementation Method 1
the sealing member may include a material ignited or melting at 100° C. or higher and 400° C. or lower
Data Source
AI summary
A battery device includes a cell assembly; a case accommodating the cell assembly; and at least one venting portion in the case to discharge gas generated from the cell assembly to the outside of the case; wherein the at least one venting portion includes a hole cover surrounded by a first region formed by cutting a surface of the case and a second region connected to a surface of the case, and a sealing member covering the first region, wherein the hole cover is lifted from a surface of the case and comprises a venting hole in the at least one venting portion, and wherein the sealing member seals the first region to prevent gas from flowing through the first region in a state in which the hole cover covers the venting hole.