Battery Cell Venting Through Thermal Management for Hot Emissions

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Solution Overview

Problem

The safety of batteries, particularly in electric vehicles, is compromised by the discharge of high-pressure and high-temperature emissions from pressure relief mechanisms, which can cause short circuits and further safety hazards.

Innovation Solution

A battery design incorporating a pressure relief mechanism attached to a thermal management component that is damaged upon actuation, allowing emissions to be discharged into a thermal management system for cooling, thereby reducing the risk of explosion and enhancing safety.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stress or pressure

If a pressure relief mechanism is activated to release internal pressure, then the pressure is reduced, but high-temperature emissions are discharged causing safety hazards

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveinternal pressureVSAvoidhigh-temperature emissions causing short circuits

Core Design Contradiction:

Stress or pressureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a thermal management component as an intermediary between the pressure relief mechanism and the external environment. This component receives high-temperature emissions from the pressure relief mechanism and cools them before discharge, thereby eliminating the harmful thermal effects while maintaining the pressure relief function

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful high-temperature emissions into a beneficial cooling opportunity. By directing these hot emissions through a thermal management component containing cooling fluid, the system uses the thermal energy that would otherwise be harmful to drive heat transfer, cooling the emissions in the process and preventing safety hazards

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If a thermal management component is added to cool emissions, then safety is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetemperature of emissionsVSAvoidbattery structure

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the thermal management component with the existing battery structure, integrating the cooling function into the battery's structural framework. This integration approach allows the thermal management system to perform multiple functions including structural support and thermal control, thereby reducing overall system complexity rather than adding independent components

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The thermal management component is designed to serve multiple functions: it acts as a structural element of the battery, a cooling channel for emissions, and a thermal regulation system. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components, thereby managing device complexity while achieving improved safety

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The thermal management component rapidly cools emissions, minimizing the risk of battery explosion and ensuring the safety of the battery by directing emissions away from electrical components.

Implementation Method 1

the fluid is discharged from inside of the thermal management component... the fluid may absorb the heat from the battery cell, and reduce the temperature of the emissions

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the pressure relief mechanism being configured, when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold, to be actuated to release the internal pressure

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPressure relief: Depressurisation

Data Source

PatentUS12407060B2Battery, power consumption device, method and device for preparing a battery

Publication Date: 2025.09.02 CONTEMPORARY AMPEREX TECHNOLOGY (HONG KONG) LIMITED

AI summary

Embodiments of the present application provide a battery. The battery includes: a battery cell comprising a pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief mechanism being arranged in a first wall of the battery cell and the pressure relief mechanism being configured, when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold, to be actuated to release the internal pressure; and a thermal management component for containing a fluid to adjust the temperature of the battery cell; wherein a first surface of the thermal management component is attached to the first wall, and the thermal management component is configured to be capable of being damaged when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, so that the fluid is discharged from inside of the thermal management component. According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the safety of the battery can be enhanced.