Variable Gas Venting Path for Battery Module Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
In battery modules, when a large amount of venting gas is generated due to internal ignition, the existing designs face challenges in effectively discharging the gas while minimizing the introduction of oxygen, which can lead to rapid ignition of adjacent modules.
Innovation Solution
A battery module with a gas venting panel that includes a passage width adjusting unit, allowing the gas discharge path to expand in response to increasing pressure, thereby efficiently discharging venting gas while reducing oxygen introduction, using a combination of fixed and variable path sections and a mechanism to open the path as pressure increases.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the width of the gas discharge path is increased to rapidly discharge a large amount of venting gas, then the discharge efficiency of venting gas is improved, but oxygen may be easily introduced inward from the outside of the battery module, which may contact a flame or high-temperature spark to promote ignition more rapidly
Solution Approach 1:
The gas discharge path width is made dynamically adjustable through a movable blocking member that can shift position based on internal pressure conditions. During normal operation, the path remains narrow to prevent oxygen ingress. When internal pressure rises due to venting gas generation, the blocking member is pushed outward by pressure differential, automatically widening the discharge path to accommodate high-volume gas flow while maintaining safety during stable conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The physical parameter of discharge path width is changed from a fixed value to a variable value that responds to pressure conditions. The system transitions between two states: a restricted state during normal operation and an expanded state during active venting, allowing the same structure to serve both safety and performance requirements
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the width of the gas discharge path is kept narrow to prevent oxygen introduction, then oxygen ingress is reduced, but a large amount of venting gas cannot be discharged efficiently
Solution Approach 1:
The gas discharge path width is made dynamically adjustable through a movable blocking member that can shift position based on internal pressure conditions. During normal operation, the path remains narrow to prevent oxygen ingress. When internal pressure rises due to venting gas generation, the blocking member is pushed outward by pressure differential, automatically widening the discharge path to accommodate high-volume gas flow while maintaining safety during stable conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses its own internal pressure as the actuating force to automatically adjust the discharge path width. The pressure differential between internal and external environments directly drives the blocking member movement, eliminating the need for external sensors, actuators, or control systems. The structure serves both as a barrier during normal operation and as a high-capacity discharge path during venting
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively discharges a large amount of venting gas while minimizing oxygen introduction, reducing the risk of chain ignition and thermal damage to adjacent modules by allowing the gas to escape while preventing flames and sparks from escaping, thus enhancing safety.
Implementation Method 1
the gas venting panel includes a passage width adjusting unit configured to variably adjust a width of the gas discharge path according to pressure of gas
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, a module case in which the plurality of battery cells are accommodated, the module case including a gas venting hole on at least one side, and a gas venting panel including a gas discharge path communicating with the gas venting hole and configured to guide a flow of gas to an outside along a pre-determined path, the gas venting panel being coupled to an outer side of the module case. The gas venting panel includes a passage width adjusting unit configured to variably adjust a width of the gas discharge path according to pressure of gas.