Battery Cell Venting With Protective Medium for Thermal Runaway
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Solution Overview
Problem
Batteries face safety concerns due to high-temperature substances released during thermal runaway, which can damage other cells and cause explosions or short circuits, as existing pressure relief mechanisms do not effectively manage these substances.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a thermal runaway management assembly with a conduit system that discharges a protective medium to the pressure relief mechanism, ensuring the conduit is positioned to actuate quickly and reduce damage to other battery cells, using materials like polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride that melt at high temperatures to enhance cooling and safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a pressure relief mechanism is provided in the battery cell, then the battery cell can discharge substance when internal pressure exceeds preset value, but high-temperature substance released from pressure relief mechanism can damage other battery cells and cause explosion or short circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a thermal insulation layer as an intermediary component between the pressure relief mechanism and other battery cells. This insulation layer acts as a mediator that blocks heat transfer from the high-temperature substance, preventing thermal damage to surrounding cells while allowing the pressure relief function to operate effectively
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful high-temperature substance into a beneficial cooling agent by directing it through a heat exchange channel where it cools the battery cell during normal operation. When thermal runaway occurs, the same substance is discharged through the pressure relief mechanism, and the pre-cooled state reduces its damaging potential
2Productivity
If the first conduit is positioned close to the pressure relief mechanism for quick actuation, then the efficiency of actuation is improved, but the conduit is more exposed to high-temperature substance and may be damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by providing thermal insulation specifically at the section of the first conduit that is exposed to high-temperature substance from the pressure relief mechanism. The insulation is localized to the critical exposure zone rather than the entire conduit, maintaining actuation efficiency while protecting against thermal damage
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces damage from high-temperature substances, lowers the risk of explosions or short circuits, and improves the overall safety performance of batteries by timely cooling and efficient protection.
Implementation Method 1
the first conduit of the thermal runaway management assembly may discharge the protective substance to the pressure relief mechanism during thermal runaway of the battery cell, so as to timely cool down the high-temperature substance released from the pressure relief mechanism
Implementation Method 2
The above material will melt rapidly at a high temperature, and can release the protective medium in time so as to suppress thermal runaway of the battery
Data Source
AI summary
The application discloses a battery and an electric device. The battery includes a battery cell and a thermal runaway management assembly. The battery cell has a pressure relief mechanism. The thermal runaway management assembly includes a first conduit, and at least a part of an orthographic projection of the first conduit onto the battery cell falls within a range of the pressure relief mechanism. The first conduit is used to accommodate a protective medium, and the first conduit is configured to be actuated when the battery cell discharges a substance via the pressure relief mechanism, so as to discharge the protective medium towards the pressure relief mechanism. The above structure can effectively improve the safety performance of the battery.