EV Battery Voltage Regulation Using Motor-Mediated Charge Loops
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Solution Overview
Problem
The development of electric vehicles is hindered by challenges in effective charging and discharging of batteries, particularly due to mismatches in voltage and current ranges between charging piles and battery requirements, leading to issues like lithium precipitation and the need for power conversion.
Innovation Solution
A control method and apparatus for an electric vehicle battery voltage regulation system that forms various charging and discharging circuit loops using a switch assembly and bridge module, allowing for flexible charging and discharging by controlling switches and legs to connect the battery, motor, and charge/discharge module, ensuring stable energy storage and release.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If direct charging/discharging connection is used between charging pile and battery, then charging/discharging speed is fast, but voltage and current mismatch causes lithium precipitation and battery damage
Solution Approach 1:
The motor is introduced as an intermediary component between the charging pile and the battery. During charging, the motor acts as a generator to convert charging current to appropriate voltage levels for the battery. During discharging, the motor acts as a generator to convert battery energy to appropriate voltage levels for the charging pile, thereby mediating the voltage and current mismatch while enabling fast charging/discharging without causing lithium precipitation
Solution Approach 2:
The motor serves multiple functions: it acts as a driving motor during normal vehicle operation, and as a generator during charging and discharging operations. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate power conversion equipment, enabling the system to handle both charging and discharging with flexible voltage and current regulation while maintaining battery safety
2Reliability
If power conversion equipment is added to match voltage and current ranges, then battery safety is improved, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The motor serves multiple functions: it acts as a driving motor during normal vehicle operation, and as a generator during charging and discharging operations. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate power conversion equipment, thereby improving battery safety through voltage/current matching while avoiding increased system complexity and cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the power conversion function with the existing motor component. Instead of adding separate DC-DC converters or power conversion equipment, the motor's electromagnetic induction principle is utilized to perform voltage and current transformation, thereby simplifying the overall system structure while ensuring battery safety
3Reliability
If motor is used for power conversion during charging/discharging, then voltage and current matching is improved, but motor vibration noise and heat generation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The control system implements periodic switching of the bridge module switches during motor-generated charging/discharging operations. This periodic switching enables precise control of the motor's operating state, allowing it to function as a generator while minimizing vibration and heat generation through optimized switching patterns and duty cycles
Solution Approach 2:
The control system continuously monitors the motor's operating parameters during charging/discharging and adjusts the bridge module switch states in real-time based on feedback signals. This feedback control enables the system to maintain optimal operating conditions, reducing vibration noise and heat generation while ensuring proper voltage and current matching
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables flexible and efficient charging and discharging of electric vehicle batteries under different conditions, maintaining stable energy levels and reducing vibration noise and heat generation in the motor, thus addressing the limitations of existing technologies.
Implementation Method 1
a joint between the upper leg and the lower leg of the first leg is connected to a joint of all windings of the motor
Data Source
AI summary
A control method may include: controlling a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a first leg, and a second leg set to turn on or off, to form in a first period a circuit loop for a charge/discharge module to discharge to a motor and to form in a second period a circuit loop for the charge/discharge module and the motor to charge a first electric vehicle battery group and a second electric vehicle battery group or form in the second period a circuit loop for the motor to charge the first electric vehicle battery group and the second electric vehicle battery group.