Battery Thermal Runaway Warning Using Voltage-Temperature Fusion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for early warning of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway in electric vehicles are prone to inaccuracies due to reliance on temperature sensors and additional sensors like smoke and gas detectors, which increase costs and risk function failure.

Innovation Solution

An early warning method and apparatus that utilizes real-time acquisition of battery cell voltage and module temperature, computing a battery characteristic parameter, and providing an early warning when specific conditions are met, including temperature and voltage thresholds, to accurately predict thermal runaway.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If temperature sensors and additional sensors (smoke sensor, gas sensor) are added to ensure early warning accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and system cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveearly warning accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines voltage and temperature monitoring functions into a single integrated early warning system. Instead of using separate temperature sensors, smoke sensors, and gas sensors, the invention merges these detection capabilities by computing a composite battery characteristic parameter from voltage and temperature data, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining early warning accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The battery management system is enhanced to perform multiple functions using existing components. The system not only monitors voltage and temperature but also computes the battery characteristic parameter, performs early warning, and triggers protection mechanisms all through the same monitoring infrastructure, eliminating the need for additional specialized sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If temperature sensors and additional sensors are added to ensure early warning accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but reliability decreases due to potential function failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveearly warning accuracyVSAvoidsystem reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By merging voltage and temperature monitoring into a single computational framework, the system reduces the number of independent components that could fail. The composite battery characteristic parameter is derived from multiple measurements, providing redundancy and improving reliability without requiring additional sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors voltage and temperature, computes the battery characteristic parameter in real-time, and provides feedback for early warning and protection activation. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures reliable operation by constantly adjusting warnings and protection measures based on current battery state.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If early warning system uses multiple sensors (smoke sensor, gas sensor), then measurement precision is improved, but system cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveearly warning accuracyVSAvoidsystem cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the functionality of multiple expensive sensors (smoke sensor, gas sensor, temperature sensor) into a single integrated system that uses existing voltage and temperature monitoring infrastructure. The battery characteristic parameter computation provides comprehensive early warning capability without requiring additional sensor hardware, thereby reducing system cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses the battery's own existing monitoring parameters (voltage and temperature) to generate early warning signals. Instead of requiring external sensors to service the detection function, the battery management system serves itself by computing the characteristic parameter from its own operational data, eliminating the need for additional sensor purchases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP4102615B1Early warning method and apparatus, device and storage medium
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 CHINA FAW CO LTD
  • EP4102615B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4102615B1 patent drawingFigure 1C~2
  • EP4102615B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed are an early warning method and apparatus, a device and a storage medium. The method comprises: collecting in real time a battery cell voltage and a battery module temperature; computing a battery characteristic parameter using the battery cell voltage and the battery module temperature; and giving an early warning if the battery characteristic parameter satisfies a predetermined condition.