Beam Backoff Control for 5G Random Access Congestion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Next generation mobile communication systems face challenges in managing network congestion when transmitting data using high frequency beams, requiring efficient methods to determine which beams are used for communication and optimize random access procedures.
Innovation Solution
The method involves measuring an overhead subframe to provide a backoff indicator for each beam, allowing terminals to adjust their transmission timing and reducing congestion by using a dispersed format in the MAC layer for random access response messages, and generating RLC SDU and headers before receiving an UL grant to streamline packet processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If beamforming and high frequency bands are used to increase transmission distance and data rates, then network capacity and speed are improved, but network congestion control becomes more difficult and complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments congestion control by introducing beam-specific backoff indicators for different antenna beams. Instead of uniform congestion control across all beams, each beam can have independent backoff values, allowing fine-grained control of congestion per beam while maintaining high data rates through selective beam management
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of backoff indication from a single uniform value to multiple beam-specific values. The base station transmits different backoff indicators corresponding to different antenna beams, enabling dynamic adjustment of congestion control parameters based on individual beam conditions, thus resolving the contradiction between high speed and control complexity
2Measurement precision
If beam-specific backoff indicators are transmitted for each antenna beam, then network congestion control precision is improved, but overhead and signaling complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the overhead subframe multi-functional by using it not only for beam identification but also for transmitting beam-specific backoff indicators. This allows the same resource to serve multiple purposes: beam measurement, beam selection, and congestion control signaling, thereby reducing overall overhead while maintaining precision
Solution Approach 2:
The base station pre-calculates and transmits backoff indicators in overhead subframes before actual data transmission occurs. This preliminary action allows terminals to have congestion control information ready in advance, enabling efficient random access and reducing the need for additional signaling during active transmission
3Reliability
If terminals wait for beam selection and congestion control information before transmitting, then collision and interference are reduced, but access delay increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by having the base station measure overhead subframes and transmit backoff indicators to terminals. This feedback loop provides terminals with real-time congestion information, allowing them to adjust their transmission timing dynamically. The feedback mechanism reduces collisions and interference while minimizing delay through informed, timely transmission decisions
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present invention provides a method for random access by a terminal, the method comprising the steps of: transmitting a first message for random access to a base station; receiving, from the base station, a second message including information related to backoff of each beam transmitted by the base station; and storing information related to the backoff of each beam.