3D Low Altitude Beam Generation via Convex Polygon Subdivision
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current 5G network technologies face challenges in providing effective ground-to-air coverage, especially in medium and low altitude areas, due to limited vertical coverage capacity and inefficient beam configuration methods that require repeated testing and fail to account for varying building distributions and heights above 100 meters.
Innovation Solution
A scene-based beam generation method using convex polygon subdivision, which constructs a 3D low altitude signal coverage area, performs convex polygon subdivision to create n-prism areas, and optimizes beam parameters using a particle swarm optimization algorithm with adaptive weights to achieve optimal coverage and minimize overlap, thereby expanding coverage height to at least 300 meters without repeated testing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If traditional base station antenna is used for coverage, then horizontal coverage is maintained, but vertical coverage capacity is limited resulting in poor signal coverage for medium and low altitude users
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the coverage space into multiple vertical layers (first coverage area and second coverage area) with different height ranges, assigning different beam configurations to each layer. This segmentation allows the system to optimize coverage for medium altitude users (first coverage area) and high altitude users (second coverage area) independently, thereby improving vertical coverage capacity and signal quality for both layers simultaneously.
2Adaptability or versatility
If 17 kinds of Massive MIMO Broadcast Beam scene-based configuration is used, then beam scene selection is provided for different high-rise buildings, but the ground-to-air coverage scene is in a vacant state requiring manual calculation of beam parameters
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service mechanism where the network device automatically determines the service type (first or second coverage area) based on the terminal's reported altitude information, and automatically selects the corresponding beam configuration without manual intervention. This self-service approach eliminates the need for manual calculation of beam parameters for ground-to-air coverage scenes while maintaining adaptability to different altitude scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic beam configuration where the beam parameters are not fixed but are selected based on the terminal's current altitude state. The network device dynamically switches between first beam configuration (for medium altitude) and second beam configuration (for high altitude) according to real-time altitude information, making the system adaptable to changing coverage requirements without manual reconfiguration.
3Ease of manufacture
If test scenes are limited to single housing estate and low altitude areas, then testing is simplified, but repeated testing is required for multi housing estates and coverage scenes with height above 300 meters
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal beam configuration method that can be applied across multiple housing estates and different altitude scenarios. By establishing altitude-threshold-based coverage area division and corresponding beam configurations, the system achieves multi-functionality that handles both multi-housing estate deployments and high-altitude (above 300 meters) coverage without requiring separate testing and configuration procedures, thereby improving deployment efficiency while maintaining testing simplicity.
4Reliability
If SSB beam configuration is optimized based on real-time user equipment distribution, then coverage optimization is achieved, but real-time user equipment counting is difficult to realize in actual communication networks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by pre-establishing altitude thresholds and corresponding beam configurations before actual deployment. Instead of requiring real-time user equipment counting and dynamic adjustment, the system pre-determines the appropriate beam configuration based on the terminal's altitude relative to the threshold, enabling coverage optimization without the complexity of real-time monitoring and counting mechanisms.
Data Source
AI summary
A scene-based beam generation method for ground-to-air coverage based on convex polygon subdivision is provided and includes: obtaining a collection of base station positions by using a method of universal transverse mercator projection; constructing a three-dimensional (3D) low altitude signal coverage area; performing convex polygon subdivision on the area to be covered; and generating a beam configuration of each base station. The method realizes generation of beam configurations of base stations in the 3D low altitude signal coverage area, overcomes a problem that the existing 17 kind of scene-based beams cannot realize the coverage of 3D area, overcomes a problem of mismatch between network state information and beam configuration caused by dynamic adjustment of beam configurations. The beam configurations generated by the method does not need to obtain the number of users in real time to adjust the beam, and has a good coverage ability.