Multi-Array Beam Shaping via Joint Covariance Matrix
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional beam forming methods fail to optimize the performance of multi-array antenna systems due to the independency between arrays, resulting in unbalanced transmission power and beam forming gain loss.
Innovation Solution
A beam forming method that calculates a joint spatial cross correlation matrix and derives an eigenvector to balance transmission power across arrays, and an adaptive algorithm that switches between eigenvalue-based and grid-based beam forming methods based on channel conditions to optimize power allocation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If traditional beam forming methods are used in multi-array antenna systems, then the implementation is simple, but the transmission power becomes unbalanced and beam forming gain is lost due to array independency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the beam forming processes of multiple independent arrays by calculating a joint spatial cross correlation matrix that incorporates channel information from all arrays. This unified approach replaces individual array processing, enabling coordinated power allocation across arrays to achieve balanced transmission power while maintaining implementation feasibility through systematic integration.
2Area of stationary object
If dual-polarized antennas are adopted to reduce windward area, then the array width is halved, but the beam width increases which challenges beam forming performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the beam forming parameters by deriving weight coefficients from a joint spatial cross correlation matrix that accounts for dual-polarized antenna characteristics. This parameter transformation enables the system to achieve narrow beam widths despite the reduced array width, resolving the contradiction between compact physical size and beam focusing capability.
3Adaptability or versatility
If arrays are spaced at a distance to form multi-array system for MIMO transition, then system adaptability is improved, but phase relationships between arrays become undetermined
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms by calculating the joint spatial cross correlation matrix based on actual channel estimates from all arrays. This feedback loop allows the system to dynamically determine and adjust phase relationships between spaced arrays, ensuring stability and coherence while maintaining the adaptability needed for MIMO transitions.
Data Source
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AI summary
A beam shaping method and device. The method includes: calculating to obtain channel estimation result hkan of each antenna in the multi-array antenna system, ka=1…Kan, n = 1...N here N indicates total number of the arrays and N>1, Kan is total number of the antenna units of Number n array; solving joint channel spatial covariance matrix R of each antenna array according to hkan; solving eigenvector webb corresponding to maximum eigenvalue of R; transforming webb only on the amplitude; shaping and transmitting using transformed shaping vectors by webb. Because the relation among every antenna array is utilized to implement joint beam shaping process on each antenna array, performance optimization is obvious at the beam shaping in the multi-array system.