5G Beam Synthesis via Pre-computed Directivity Functions
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing 5G communication systems face challenges in efficiently aligning beams for initial access and maintaining communication links, especially in high-frequency bands, due to the overhead of beam alignment processes and the need for rapid adaptation to moving objects and changing environmental conditions.
Innovation Solution
A method for forming a beam of an antenna array that configures regions for beam forming, calculates directivity functions, and determines feeding coefficients based on an objective function to optimize beam alignment and transmission, allowing for efficient beam synthesis and adaptation without pre-modeling beam patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional beam alignment methods are used in 5G systems, then beam alignment can be achieved, but the overhead of the beam alignment process becomes significant and initial access becomes inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-calculates and stores directivity functions for multiple regions before actual beam alignment is needed. These directivity functions are computed offline and stored in a lookup table, so that during initial access, the system can quickly retrieve pre-computed beamforming weights instead of performing complex real-time calculations, thereby reducing beam alignment overhead and improving initial access efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the spatial domain into multiple discrete regions, each associated with a pre-computed directivity function. By segmenting the coverage area into distinct regions and pre-calculating beamforming parameters for each region, the system enables rapid beam alignment through simple region identification and lookup, avoiding exhaustive beam sweeping and reducing alignment overhead
2Adaptability or versatility
If beam patterns are pre-modeled for beam forming, then beam alignment can be achieved, but the system becomes inflexible and cannot adapt to moving objects and changing environmental conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic beamforming approach where the system determines which pre-computed directivity function to apply based on real-time channel conditions and terminal location. Instead of using a fixed pre-modeled beam pattern, the system dynamically selects and switches between multiple pre-computed directivity functions corresponding to different regions, enabling adaptation to moving objects and changing environmental conditions while avoiding the complexity of real-time beam pattern modeling
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the approach from modeling beam patterns to pre-computing and storing directivity functions with different parameters for different regions. By varying the parameters of pre-computed directivity functions based on terminal location and channel conditions, the system achieves adaptability without the complexity of dynamic beam pattern modeling, allowing flexible adaptation to moving objects and environmental changes
3Area of stationary object
If the number of SS burst sets is increased to provide more beam information, then more comprehensive beam coverage can be achieved, but the overhead increases and system efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-computes and stores directivity functions for multiple regions covering the entire service area before operation. By having all necessary beamforming parameters pre-calculated and stored, the system can provide comprehensive beam coverage across all regions without needing to transmit additional SS burst sets, as the beam information is already available in the pre-computed directivity functions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates multiple directivity function representations for different regions and stores them in a lookup table. Instead of transmitting multiple SS burst sets to provide beam information for different areas, the system uses pre-computed copies of directivity functions that can be quickly retrieved and applied based on terminal location, providing comprehensive coverage with minimal overhead
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a communication technique which merges, with IoT technology, a 5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G system, and a system therefor. The present disclosure can be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, healthcare, digital education, retail, security- and safety-related services, and the like) on the basis of 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology. A beam forming method for an array antenna, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, can comprise the steps of: setting a first area and a second area for beam formation; calculating a first directivity function corresponding to the first area and a second directivity function corresponding to the second area; setting an objective function on the basis of the first directivity function and the second directivity function; determining a feed coefficient of the array antenna on the basis of the objective function; and forming a beam on the basis of the determined feed coefficient.