Beam Training Codebook for Sub-THz Gain Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
In 6G communication systems, the high frequency bands such as sub-THz or THz face limitations in beamwidth reduction and increased beam training overhead due to beam gain fluctuations, making it difficult to operate beams with varying widths, especially as the number of antennas increases.
Innovation Solution
A method and device for beam training using a codebook that stores multiple configurations for different beamwidths, allowing for the selection of a codebook matching the channel state of user equipment, and transmitting signals using digital beamforming matrices based on a product of analog and digital processing vectors, thereby mitigating beam gain fluctuations and reducing overhead.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the number of antennas is increased to achieve higher beam gain in sub-THz or THz bands, then the beam gain is improved, but the beamwidth cannot be reduced sufficiently and beam training overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The codebook is segmented into multiple subsets, each corresponding to different beamwidths. This allows the system to select appropriate beamwidth configurations based on channel conditions, reducing the search space for beam training and lowering overhead while maintaining high beam gain through the segmented codebook structure
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically selects different codebook subsets based on channel state information to adapt beamwidth to communication conditions. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize between beam gain and training overhead by switching between different beamwidth configurations as needed
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional codebooks are used for beam training, then the beamforming process is simple, but beam gain fluctuations occur making it difficult to operate beams with varying widths
Solution Approach 1:
Different codebook subsets are designed with specific local characteristics optimized for different beamwidths. Each subset maintains uniform beam gain distribution within its designated beamwidth range, ensuring reliable beam operation while allowing the system to switch between subsets for different communication scenarios
Solution Approach 2:
The codebook design incorporates parameter changes in beamwidth as a key dimension. By organizing codebooks into subsets parameterized by beamwidth, the system can change this parameter to achieve both simple beamforming operations and stable beam gain, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and reliability
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates than 4G communication systems such as LTE systems. According to an embodiment, a method performed by a base station supporting beam training using a beamforming codebook may comprise storing a plurality of codebooks corresponding to a plurality of different beamwidths, receiving a beam adjustment request from a user equipment (UE), determining, among the plurality of codebook, a codebook including beam codebooks for beam coverages including a beamwidth corresponding to a channel state of the UE, in response to receiving the beam adjustment request, and transmitting, to the UE, signals that are beamformed based on the codebook through a plurality of transmission beams using digital beamforming matrixes of the codebook.