Beam Training Identifier Encoding for Millimeter Wave Systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current beam training techniques in millimeter wave array antenna systems are time-consuming, especially when dealing with a large number of beams, as they require repeated processes to achieve maximum beamforming performance, which is essential for maximizing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in directional beamforming.
Innovation Solution
A method is introduced to rapidly synchronize and perform beam training between a transmitter and a receiver using a transmission array and a receiving array, where the transmitter transmits an identifier of a selected transmission training beam, and the receiver detects this identifier to select optimal beams for data transmission, utilizing secondary synchronization signals, common reference signals, and phase modulation to reduce the time required for beam matching.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional repeated beam training processes are used to achieve maximum beamforming performance, then optimal beam pairs can be found, but the training time becomes excessively long especially when dealing with a large number of beams
Solution Approach 1:
The transmitter pre-generates multiple candidate beams in advance and transmits their identifiers to the receiver. The receiver also prepares multiple candidate beams beforehand. This preliminary preparation eliminates the need for time-consuming iterative searching during actual beam training, as both parties already have ready-to-use beam options available for rapid selection.
Solution Approach 2:
Beam identifiers serve as intermediaries that convey beam information without requiring actual beam signal transmission and measurement for each candidate. Instead of directly testing each beam pair through repeated transmissions, the system uses identifier exchange as a mediator to rapidly indicate beam selections, significantly reducing training time while maintaining performance.
2Reliability
If the number of beams in transmission and reception is increased to improve beamforming capability, then higher signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved, but the time required for beam training increases proportionally
Solution Approach 1:
When the number of beams is increased to improve SNR, the system pre-generates and transmits identifiers for all candidate beams in advance. This allows the receiver to have a comprehensive list of available beams without requiring sequential testing, enabling rapid selection from a large beam pool and preventing training time from increasing proportionally with beam count.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of transmitting actual beam signals for each candidate to enable selection, the system transmits copies in the form of beam identifiers. These identifiers represent the beam characteristics without requiring physical beam transmission, allowing the receiver to evaluate and select from many beam options rapidly without the time cost of actual signal measurements for each candidate.
3Measurement precision
If traditional beam training methods are used, then complete beam search can be performed, but the synchronization process becomes time-consuming and reduces data transmission efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
Beam identifiers act as intermediaries that enable rapid beam indication without requiring complete traditional beam training sequences. The transmitter sends beam identifier information to the receiver, which then selects corresponding beams based on these identifiers. This intermediary approach maintains beam matching accuracy while dramatically reducing the time required for synchronization, thereby improving data transmission efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts the essential beam selection information (beam identifiers) from the complete beam training process and transmits only this critical information. By taking out the core necessary data (identifiers) and eliminating redundant training steps, the system achieves both accurate beam matching and high transmission efficiency, as the receiver can directly use these extracted identifiers for beam selection without lengthy training procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly shortens the time needed for beam training, allowing for efficient beam selection and data transmission by enabling rapid synchronization and optimal beamforming, even with a large number of beams, thereby enhancing data transmission performance.
Implementation Method 1
The transmission unit modulates a phase of a transmission signal transmitted to the receiver according to the ID of the transmission training beam
Data Source
AI summary
A system for beam training including a transmitter forming a transmission beam using a transmission array and a receiver forming a receiving beam using a receiving array is disclosed. The transmitter transmits an identifier of a transmission training beam selected from the transmission beams using a secondary synchronization signal or a common reference signal, etc. The identifier of the transmission training beam is used for the beam training.