Beamformed Point-to-Point Links for In-Band Backhaul Interference Mitigation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wireless broadband networks face high costs and interference issues due to the need for separate transmission equipment and antennas for access and backhaul networks, with limited frequency diversity and modulation capabilities, leading to reduced capacity and increased latency.
Innovation Solution
A point-to-point communication system with high frequency diversity, variable modulation, and dynamically adapted beam forming, using omni-directional or directional antennas, integrated into a single module with a single controller for both access and backhaul communications, allowing for 'in-band' backhaul operation and interference mitigation mechanisms like transmit power control and spatial beam coordination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If separate transmission equipment and antennas are deployed for access and backhaul networks, then network functionality is ensured, but deployment cost and device complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines access and backhaul transmission functions into a single integrated apparatus. The same antenna array and RF chains are used to perform both access communication with user equipment and backhaul communication with other base stations, eliminating the need for separate transmission equipment and reducing deployment costs while maintaining full network functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The base station apparatus is designed with multi-functionality where the antenna array and transmission components serve dual purposes: accessing user equipment in the access network and maintaining backhaul links with other base stations. This universal design allows a single piece of equipment to fulfill multiple network functions, reducing overall system complexity
2Area of stationary object
If high power transmission is used to maximize base station coverage area, then coverage is improved, but interference with neighboring cells increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the transmission function into separate beamforming operations for different directions. The antenna array generates distinct beams toward user equipment and toward backhaul partners, allowing targeted transmission that maximizes coverage in needed directions while minimizing interference in other directions through spatial separation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces spatial dimension through beamforming, transitioning from omnidirectional or sector-based coverage to three-dimensional beam control. By shaping and directing energy in specific spatial directions, the system achieves extended coverage area while controlling interference through precise angular separation of transmission beams
3Productivity
If frequency resources are reused across multiple links, then network capacity increases, but interference between concurrent transmissions increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent exploits the spatial dimension through beamforming to enable frequency reuse. By directing transmissions in different spatial directions using shaped beams, the system allows concurrent transmissions on the same frequency resources without significant interference, thereby increasing network capacity through spatial multiplexing of frequency channels
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements virtual sectorization where beamforming creates virtual directional sectors without physical antenna segmentation. Each beam acts as a virtual copy of a traditional sector, allowing frequency resources to be reused across different virtual sectors (beams) while maintaining isolation through spatial directionality, thus increasing capacity without proportionally increasing interference
Data Source
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AI summary
A mobile broadband wireless network including at least two pairs of nodes arranged in a cluster, each pair coupled to form a link for wireless communication; each node including: an RF transceiver with associated modem; an antenna array arrangement, each antenna having a beam pattern selected to improve quality of transmission, coupled to the modem and arranged for multiple concurrent transmissions; a controller for controlling the transceiver, modem and antenna array arrangement for providing point to point communication; the controller including means for allocating MIMO streams and modulation to different antennas in the antenna array arrangement; and at least one interference mitigation mechanism implemented by the controller to minimize interference within the cluster during multiple concurrent transmissions, and a method of wireless communication.