Beamforming Base Station for Interference Avoidance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems, such as Mobile WiMAX, face challenges in enhancing frequency utilization efficiency and avoiding interference from contiguous sectors while using a single frequency band, leading to reduced communication capacity and increased collision probabilities.
Innovation Solution
The system employs a communication system with base stations and mobile subscriber stations that transmit channel information signals to form directed transmission beams, avoiding interference by using channel estimation signals and beamforming techniques to steer nulls away from adjacent sectors, thereby optimizing frequency utilization and reducing interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the same frequency band is used in contiguous sectors to improve frequency utilization efficiency, then frequency utilization efficiency is improved, but interference from other sectors increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies beamforming technology to create directionally selective transmission characteristics for each base station. By adjusting the beamforming weights, the system creates localized high-gain regions directed at intended mobile stations while creating null regions in directions of adjacent sectors. This local quality differentiation allows the same frequency band to be reused in contiguous sectors without causing mutual interference, thereby resolving the contradiction between frequency utilization efficiency and interference avoidance.
2Reliability
If adaptive array system is used to prevent interference to mobile subscriber stations in own sector, then interference prevention within sector is improved, but interference to mobile subscriber stations in contiguous sectors is not addressed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends the adaptive array system's functionality from single-sector interference prevention to multi-sector interference management. The base station's beamforming capability is made universal by incorporating channel information from mobile stations in both its own sector and contiguous sectors. This multi-functional adaptation allows the same beamforming mechanism to simultaneously protect mobile stations in the own sector from intra-sector interference and prevent interference to mobile stations in contiguous sectors, thereby resolving the contradiction.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If channel information from adjacent mobile subscriber stations is collected to form directed beams, then interference avoidance is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a base station controller as an intermediary that centralizes the collection, processing, and coordination of channel information from multiple base stations and mobile stations. The controller computes the optimal beamforming weights based on aggregated channel state information and distributes the computed beamforming parameters to respective base stations. This intermediary architecture simplifies the overall system complexity by centralizing the computationally intensive beamforming calculation tasks and coordinating resource allocation across sectors, thereby resolving the contradiction between interference avoidance and system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively avoids interference from contiguous areas, enhancing frequency utilization efficiency and ensuring reliable communication between mobile subscriber stations and base stations, thereby improving overall system performance.
Implementation Method 1
the base station is adapted to transmit data to the mobile subscriber station using a transmission beam that is directed to the mobile subscriber station and is not directed to the adjacent mobile subscriber stations
Implementation Method 2
the base station is adapted to transmit data to the mobile subscriber station using a transmission beam that is directed to the mobile subscriber station and is not directed to the adjacent mobile subscriber stations, on the basis of the channel estimation signal received from the mobile subscriber station
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4
AI summary
A communication system includes sector units composing base stations (10 through 16), and mobile subscriber stations (2, 3) each being in sectors (4, 5) corresponding to the sector units. The mobile subscriber stations (2, 3) transmit channel information signals to the sector units corresponding to the sector (4, 5) and sector units corresponding to sectors contiguous to the sectors (4, 5). A sector unit that corresponds to the sector (4) forms, based on a channel information signal received from the mobile subscriber station (2) in the sector (4) corresponding to the sector unit and channel information signals received from the adjacent mobile subscriber stations (3) in the sectors (5) contiguous to the sector (4), a transmission beam that is directed to the mobile subscriber station (2) but is not directed to the adjacent mobile subscriber stations (3) to transmit data to the mobile subscriber station (2). By configuring the system in such a manner, interference from contiguous sectors can be avoided.