Beamforming Training Collision Mitigation via Dynamic STS Adjustment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless protocols face challenges in efficiently managing beamforming training for next-generation mobile communications, particularly in handling collisions and varying the number of space-time slots (STSs) during beamforming training allocations, which affects communication efficiency across different spectrum bands.

Innovation Solution

A method where a wireless transmit-receive unit (WTRU) receives an indication of the number of STSs from an access point (AP) within a beacon frame, sends a response signal, and adjusts the number of STSs based on acknowledgments or collision indications to optimize beamforming training, allowing for adaptive adjustments during beamforming training allocations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If the number of space-time slots (STSs) is increased during beamforming training, then the probability of collision between multiple WTRUs responding in the same STS increases, but the capacity to handle more WTRUs improves

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvenumber of WTRUs handledVSAvoidcollision probability

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the number of STSs based on collision detection. When collisions are detected, the AP increases the number of STSs for the next beamforming training allocation, allowing WTRUs to be distributed across more time slots and reducing future collision probability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The AP monitors collision events during beamforming training and provides feedback by adjusting the number of STSs in subsequent allocations. This feedback mechanism allows the system to adapt to traffic conditions and optimize the balance between handling capacity and collision avoidance

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If the number of STSs is decreased during beamforming training, then collision probability is reduced, but the capacity to handle multiple WTRUs simultaneously deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecollision probabilityVSAvoidnumber of WTRUs handled

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The AP changes the parameter of number of STSs based on observed collision patterns. By increasing this parameter when collisions occur and decreasing it when the medium is clear, the system optimizes the trade-off between handling capacity and collision probability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If fixed number of STSs is used in beamforming training, then system complexity is reduced, but adaptability to varying traffic conditions and collision patterns deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesystem complexityVSAvoidadaptability to traffic conditions

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system transitions from a fixed number of STSs to a dynamic adjustment mechanism where the AP modifies the number of STSs based on collision detection and traffic conditions, enabling adaptability while maintaining relatively simple implementation

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-optimization by automatically adjusting the number of STSs based on observed collision patterns without requiring external intervention or complex centralized control, achieving adaptability through simple local decisions

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentUS11877264B2Collision mitigation for directional response in millimeter wave wireless local area network system

Publication Date: 2024.01.16 INTERDIGITAL PATENT HOLDINGS INC

AI summary

A method, apparatus, and system for beamforming training using a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU). A WTRU may receive an indication of a number of space time slots (STSs) from an access point (AP) within a beacon frame during a beamforming training allocation. The WTRU may send a response signal to the AP in a specific STS based on a function of the number of STSs. The WTRU may receive an acknowledgement (ACK) from the AP confirming the response was received. Alternatively, the AP may send a signal indicating that a collision occurred and alter the number of STSs, and the WTRU may try again in the next beamforming training allocation.