3D Beamforming Near-Field Signal Strength Distribution Adjustment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing beamforming techniques in wireless communications, particularly in 5G and 6G systems, face inefficiencies due to the inability to effectively multiplex transmissions to UEs with the same angular orientation, leading to inefficient use of communication resources and unequal signal strengths at antenna panels, especially when using 2D beamforming methods.
Innovation Solution
A UE in the near field of a base station provides beam adjustment information to the base station, allowing it to adjust the beamwidth of 3D transmission beams based on signal strength distributions, thereby improving holographic MIMO communications by optimizing beamforming gain and data rate.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If 2D beamforming techniques are used, then the system is simpler to implement, but it cannot effectively multiplex transmissions to UEs with the same angular orientation and results in inefficient resource use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from 2D beamforming to 3D beamforming, adding the distance dimension to the angular orientation dimensions. This enables the system to distinguish between UEs at different distances even when they have the same angular orientation, allowing effective multiplexing and improving resource utilization efficiency without excessive complexity increase
2Productivity
If 3D beamforming is used for near field UEs, then multiplexing capability is improved, but beamwidth adjustment is needed to optimize signal strength distribution at the antenna panel
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the UE measures the signal strength distribution across its antenna panel and reports this information to the base station. The base station uses this feedback to adjust the beamwidth of 3D beams, creating a closed-loop system that optimizes signal strength uniformity while maintaining multiplexing capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the beamwidth adjustable and dynamic rather than fixed. The base station can adaptively change the beamwidth based on real-time feedback about signal distribution, allowing the system to optimize performance for different UE positions and antenna panel configurations
3Ease of operation
If fixed beamwidth is used, then the system is easier to control, but beamforming gain is not optimized and data rate is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the fixed beamwidth into a dynamic parameter that can be adjusted based on feedback. This allows the system to optimize beamforming gain and data rate by adapting the beamwidth to the specific spatial distribution of the UE's antenna panel, while the feedback mechanism keeps the control process manageable
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) located in a near field of a base station may receive a beamformed signal from the base station via a three-dimensional (3D) transmission beam. The UE may receive the signal at an antenna panel and detect a signal strength distribution of the signal at the antenna panel. The UE may calculate a signal weight for each portion of the antenna panel and determine beam adjustment information based on the signal weights. The UE may report the beam adjustment information to the base station, and the base station may use the beam adjustment information to adjust the beamwidth of the 3D transmission beam for subsequent transmissions to the UE, which may increase a beamforming gain at the antenna, and improve communication data rate.