Bed Topper Airflow Layout for Targeted Skin Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Microclimate control toppers fail to uniformly distribute airflow, leading to uneven skin cooling and increased humidity, particularly in areas with higher skin temperature and sweat gland density, and are further compromised by bed profile adjustments that distort vasculature and perfusion.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating sensors to determine weight distribution and a blower connected to the topper inlet, with a fluid flowpath exhibiting nonuniform resistance to direct a larger proportion of airflow to a target region, such as the torso, while a smaller portion bypasses it, using contoured margins and spatially varying filler material properties to achieve this distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If uniform airflow distribution is used across the topper, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but skin cooling and humidity control are uneven in areas with different thermal and sweat gland characteristics

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveairflow distribution structureVSAvoidskin cooling uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by varying the flow resistance characteristics at different locations within the topper. The flow resistance is designed to be higher in regions corresponding to areas with higher skin temperature and sweat gland density (such as the back and pelvic region), and lower in other areas. This spatially varying resistance distribution enables non-uniform airflow that matches the local microclimate control needs of different body regions, achieving uniform skin cooling and humidity control across the entire occupant surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Ease of operation

If the bed profile is adjusted to improve patient positioning, then patient comfort and perfusion are improved, but vasculature distortion and perfusion degradation occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebed profile adjustabilityVSAvoidvasculature perfusion
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies continuity of useful action by providing continuous airflow through the topper that compensates for the harmful effects of bed profile adjustments. The airflow system operates continuously to maintain skin cooling and humidity control even when the bed profile is adjusted, counteracting the vasculature distortion and perfusion degradation caused by profile changes. This ensures that the microclimate control function remains effective throughout the entire period of bed adjustment and patient repositioning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances airflow distribution to critical areas, improving skin cooling and reducing humidity, thereby addressing nonuniform skin temperature and sweat accumulation issues, while adapting to changes in occupant position and bed profile adjustments.

Implementation Method 1

A pump or similar device supplies a stream of air to the topper so that the air flows into the flowpath by way of the inlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

The flowpath exhibits a nonuniform resistance to fluid flow in at least one of the longitudinal and lateral directions and configured to preferentially drive fluid flow through the topper so that a larger proportion of the fluid flowing through the topper flows under a target region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNonuniform flow resistance: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 3

The airstream establishes a microclimate in the vicinity of the occupant's skin. Specifically, the airstream helps cool the occupant's skin thereby reducing its nutrient requirements

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection cooling: Convection

Implementation Method 4

The airstream also helps reduce humidity in the vicinity of the occupant's skin thus combatting the tendency of the skin to become moist and soft

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP2628413B1Topper and bed with targeted fluid flow distribution and preferential fluid flow distribution
Publication Date: 2014.08.27 HILL ROM SERVICES INC
  • EP2628413B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP2628413B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2628413B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7B

AI summary

A topper (38) for a bed extends in longitudinal and lateral directions and includes a fluid flowpath (60) for channeling fluid through the topper from an inlet (62) to an outlet (64). The flowpath is configured to distribute the fluid to a preferred target region (50) of the topper. A bed which includes the topper has a blower (72) connected to the topper inlet for supplying air (88) to the flowpath.