Bellows Convolute Structure for Off-Axis Misalignment Absorption

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bellows used in plumbing systems, particularly in passenger transportation vehicles, face issues with limited adaptability to misalignment, implosion under vacuum, and shear stress due to lateral displacement, which compromises their structural integrity and lifespan.

Innovation Solution

A bellows member with a flexible body featuring radially oriented convolutes that pivot to accommodate off-axis misalignment, resist vacuum implosion, and withstand pressure differentials, designed to fit within a compact envelope, using materials like thermoplastic urethane polyester, polyurethane, nitrile, synthetic rubber, fluoropolymer elastomer, or silicone.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If flexible rubber or silicone components are used to bridge offset connections, then misalignment adaptability is improved, but structural integrity deteriorates due to puckering, bowing out, and implosion under vacuum

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemisalignment adaptabilityVSAvoidstructural integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The bellows body is segmented into multiple convolutes (collapsing sections) that can independently deform. This segmentation allows the structure to accommodate misalignment through controlled localized deformation rather than overall buckling, maintaining structural integrity while adapting to offset connections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The bellows incorporates a dynamic collapsing section with convolutes that can pivot and deform elastically in response to misalignment forces. This dynamic capability allows the structure to adapt to varying misalignment conditions while maintaining reliability through elastic recovery, preventing permanent deformation or implosion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional bellows designs are used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but adaptability to off-axis misalignment is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidoff-axis misalignment adaptability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The bellows is divided into a rigid body portion and a collapsing section with multiple convolutes. This segmentation allows the complex adaptive function to be localized to specific sections while maintaining simple manufacturing for the overall structure. The convolutes can be formed using standard bellows manufacturing techniques.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Only the collapsing section contains the convolute structures necessary for misalignment adaptation, while the rest of the bellows maintains a simple cylindrical form. This local quality approach provides the needed adaptability where required while keeping the majority of the structure simple to manufacture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Adaptability or versatility

If the bellows collapsing section is made flexible to accommodate misalignment, then adaptability is improved, but resistance to vacuum implosion and pressure differentials deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemisalignment accommodationVSAvoidvacuum and pressure resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The bellows is segmented into a rigid body portion that resists vacuum and pressure loads and a collapsing section with convolutes that accommodates misalignment. This segmentation allows the strength requirements to be concentrated in the rigid portions while the collapsing section handles only the misalignment accommodation function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The collapsing section with convolutes provides dynamic flexibility for misalignment while the rigid body portions maintain static strength for vacuum and pressure resistance. The convolutes deform elastically within controlled limits, allowing misalignment accommodation without compromising the overall pressure containment capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Volume of moving object

If the bellows is designed to fit in a compact envelope, then space utilization is improved, but the ability to absorb misalignment without shear stress deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvelope spaceVSAvoidshear stress resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The collapsing section with radially oriented convolutes provides misalignment accommodation in the radial dimension while maintaining a compact axial profile. This dimensional approach allows the bellows to absorb misalignment without requiring excessive length, fitting within compact envelopes while reducing shear stress through radial deformation capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The bellows effectively absorbs misalignment and pressure differentials without implosion or twisting, maintaining structural integrity and extending its useful life by reducing shear stress through dynamic pivoting of convolutes.

Implementation Method 1

a flexible bellows body center section that moves to accommodate operational off-axis misalignment

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

The bellows functions to accommodate misalignment between the two plumbing interfaces... The disclosed bellows resists vacuum implosion and internal pressurization

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential resistance:

Data Source

PatentEP4298364B1Bellows design to absorb misalignment
Publication Date: 2025.08.06 MAG AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES LLC
  • EP4298364B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4298364B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP4298364B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A bellows member (10) for use in connecting two plumbing interfaces to one another. The bellows member is a generally hollow design with cuff ends (12, 14), each of which connects to an ends of another interface. The bellows member has a flexible bellows body center section that moves to accommodate operational off-axis misalignment, while being able to absorb vacuum and pressure differentials. The disclosed bellows resists vacuum implosion and internal pressurization. The flexible center section is provided with a plurality of convolutes (34, 36, 38) oriented radially outwardly on a horizontal axis. The bellows functions to accommodate misalignment between the two plumbing interfaces.