Bent Coplanar Phase Shifter Layout for Impedance Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Phase shifters in phased array antennas face challenges in impedance matching between bent and straight units, leading to significant energy loss and ineffective signal transmission due to mismatched characteristic impedance in bent regions.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a phase shifter with a configuration of signal lines and reference electrodes on substrates with a dielectric layer, where the signal line and reference electrode structures in the bent unit are optimized to match the impedance of adjacent straight units, using sub-lines, sub-electrodes, and tuning bridges to ensure impedance matching, reducing energy loss and enhancing signal transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a bent arrangement of coplanar waveguide transmission line is used to achieve 360° phase shift angle, then the phase shift requirement is met, but impedance matching between bent and straight units deteriorates causing large energy loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making the second signal sub-line and second reference sub-electrode corresponding to the bent unit have different structural parameters (line width, spacing distance) compared to the straight unit portions. This local structural differentiation enables the bent unit to achieve both the required 360° phase shift and proper impedance matching with adjacent straight units, resolving the contradiction between phase shift capability and energy loss.
2Area of stationary object
If the transmission line is bent to fit the limited layout area of 0.5λ×0.5λ, then the spatial constraint is satisfied, but impedance matching between bent and straight units deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by adjusting the line width of the second signal sub-line and the spacing distance between the second signal sub-line and second reference sub-electrode in the bent unit. These parameter modifications enable the transmission line to be effectively bent within the limited 0.5λ×0.5λ layout area while maintaining proper impedance matching, thus satisfying both spatial constraints and signal transmission reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
A phase shifter includes a signal line and a reference electrode respectively disposed on sides of different ones or both disposed on a same side of a same one of a first base plate and a second base plate proximal to a dielectric layer, and includes a straight unit and a bent unit along an extending direction of the signal line. The signal line includes a first signal sub-line corresponding to the straight unit and a second signal sub-line corresponding to the bent unit, and the reference electrode includes a first reference sub-electrode corresponding to the straight unit and a second reference sub-electrode corresponding to the bent unit. The second signal sub-line and the second reference sub-electrode which correspond to the bent unit are configured to make an impedance of the bent unit match to an impedance of the straight unit and/or an impedance of another adjacent bent unit.