BESS-Buffered EV Charging for Grid Peak Demand Control
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
The rapid increase in electric vehicle (EV) adoption poses a challenge for the grid, causing peak demand and imbalance, leading to increased carbon emissions and high costs for infrastructure upgrades, as existing energy management systems are inadequate in managing peak EV charging demands effectively.
Innovation Solution
A system that integrates building switchgear, an independent system operator (ISO) meter, and a battery energy storage system (BESS) to manage EV charging and grid power consumption, selectively providing power from the BESS to prevent peak demand and grid imbalance, using 1-second metering data to dispatch energy optimally and reduce reliance on grid power during peak hours.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If EV charging stations are deployed to meet increasing EV adoption, then EV charging capacity is improved, but grid peak demand and imbalance worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary charging of EVs during off-peak hours when grid demand is low, storing energy in the BESS. This preliminary action prevents the need for peak-demand charging later, thereby improving EV charging capacity while avoiding grid peak demand problems.
Solution Approach 2:
The BESS acts as an intermediary between the grid and EV charging stations. It buffers the power flow by absorbing excess power during low-demand periods and releasing it during high-demand periods, thus decoupling EV charging capacity from grid peak demand.
2Reliability
If thermal generators are used to mitigate grid peak demand, then grid stability is improved, but carbon dioxide emissions worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces thermal generators with a BESS-based energy storage solution. The BESS provides grid stability services through electrical energy storage and release, substituting the mechanical combustion process of thermal generators with an electrochemical process that produces no carbon dioxide emissions.
3Loss of information
If existing energy management systems are used for EV charging, then user pattern analysis is improved, but real-time peak demand management worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements real-time feedback control by continuously monitoring grid demand conditions and EV charging status. The energy management system receives real-time data from smart meters and adjusts charging rates dynamically, providing feedback loops that enable both user pattern analysis and immediate peak demand response.
Solution Approach 2:
The energy management system transitions from static, long-term pattern analysis to dynamic, real-time control. It continuously adapts charging parameters based on current grid conditions, EV state of charge, and predicted user needs, enabling simultaneous optimization of user patterns and real-time peak demand management.
4Speed
If DC Fast Chargers are deployed to increase charging speed, then EV charging time is reduced, but peak demand power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary energy storage in the BESS during off-peak hours, preparing energy in advance for fast charging events. This allows DC Fast Chargers to operate at high power levels during peak times without drawing from the grid, thus maintaining high charging speed while avoiding peak demand power consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The BESS serves as an intermediary power source between the grid and DC Fast Chargers. It provides the high power levels needed for fast charging during peak demand periods, decoupling the charging speed capability from the grid's peak power delivery requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution mitigates peak demand, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and ensures safe investment in EV charging infrastructure by optimizing energy usage, allowing for a reasonable return on capital expenditure through shared energy sales revenue, thereby addressing the risks associated with EV charging and grid stability.
Implementation Method 1
a battery energy storage system (BESS) coupled to the building switchgear, and an ISO or System Performance Meter, wherein the BESS selectively provides power in response to a customer power demand or an EV charging request
Data Source
AI summary
System and methods are disclosed to charge an electric vehicle (EV) and manage grid power consumption. The system includes a building switchgear coupled to a building meter; an independent system operator (ISO) accepted meter coupled to the building switchgear, the ISO meter including a telemetry unit to communicate with an ISO; and a battery energy storage system (BESS) coupled to the building switchgear, and an ISO or System Performance Meter, wherein the BESS selectively provides power in response to a customer power demand or an EV charging request to prevent a customer grid power consumption from spiking and peaking at grid imbalance highest cost on peak times.