Beta-glucan sequential dosage for immune modulation
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for enhancing anti-tumor cellular immunity during the remission phase after primary oncological treatment, such as for colorectal and breast cancer, do not effectively stimulate immune response without causing adverse effects on organ functions and have unclear dosage regimens.
Innovation Solution
A beta-glucan-based polysaccharide immunomodulator is used orally in a sequential dosage regimen, starting at least 6 months post-primary treatment, to increase anti-tumor cell immunity, specifically targeting CD8+ lymphocytes and other immune cells, mediated through receptors like dectin-1, without adverse effects on liver or kidney functions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If beta-glucan is used to enhance anti-tumor cellular immunity during remission, then CD8+ lymphocyte activation and tumor antigen recognition improve, but the risk of worsening organ functions (liver, kidneys) increases with long-term use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a sequential dosage regimen with alternating high-dose (700 mg/day for 3 months) and low-dose (200 mg/day for 3 months) phases, creating periodic action that maintains immune stimulation while allowing organ recovery periods, thereby preventing cumulative toxicity to liver and kidney functions
Solution Approach 2:
The dosage is dynamically adjusted based on treatment phase and patient response, transitioning from high to low doses in sequence, and potentially modifying the regimen based on expert assessment of immune response and organ function, making the treatment adaptive rather than static
2Quantity of substance
If beta-glucan dosage is increased to maximize immune response, then CD8+ and CD19+ lymphocyte levels increase, but adverse effects on organ functions may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The sequential dosage regimen alternates between high-dose phases (700 mg/day) that maximize lymphocyte production and low-dose phases (200 mg/day) that minimize organ stress, creating periodic peaks and troughs in immune stimulation that achieve therapeutic goals without continuous toxicity
Solution Approach 2:
The high-dose phases provide excessive immune stimulation temporarily to ensure adequate lymphocyte levels are achieved, while the subsequent low-dose phases allow the system to stabilize, using partial action to maintain rather than maximize the effect
3Loss of time
If beta-glucan treatment starts immediately after primary oncological treatment, then immune response can be boosted earlier, but the immune system may still be compromised from recent chemotherapy or radiotherapy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent waits at least 6 months after primary treatment before initiating beta-glucan therapy, allowing the immune system to recover from chemotherapy and radiotherapy effects beforehand, ensuring the immune system is ready to respond effectively to immunomodulation without being compromised by recent treatment toxicity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The beta-glucan immunomodulator significantly increases CD8+ and CD19+ lymphocytes, IgG3, and IgA levels, providing a preventive and therapeutic effect without adverse side effects, maintaining immune function and reducing infection incidence during long-term use.
Implementation Method 1
mediated through receptors like dectin-1
Data Source
AI summary
A use of beta-glucan in order to increase anti-tumor immunity in remission after the treatment of solid tumors, where after the long-term peroral usage the concentration of the CD8+ Lymphocytes, CD19+ lymphocytes increases and the level of IgG3, IgA, CD16+56+ increases. The clinical study has shown the efficiency of the preventive treatment during the immunosensitive cancer such as breast cancer. In the preferable arrangement beta-glucan is fungal β (1,3/1,6) glucan prepared from the oyster mushroom. During the sequential usage in the first phase a high dose of beta-glucan is used and in the second phase a low dose of beta-glucan is used. The high dose of beta-glucan is at least twice the low dose of beta-glucan. The administration is long-term and continuous without sequences where the dosage is completely omitted. The daily high dose of beta-glucan range from 600 mg to 800 mg.