Beveled Dipole Antenna Elements for Multi-Band Interference Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Multi-band antenna arrays face challenges due to interference and distortion among radiating elements for different frequency bands, leading to performance issues such as grating lobes and attenuation, which are difficult to resolve with existing methods that increase complexity and cost.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a radiating element with beveled or chamfered arm segments and a wideband operating frequency range, along with a column arrangement of radiating elements with different frequency ranges, including ultra-wideband elements, to minimize interference and enhance performance across a broader frequency spectrum.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple radiating elements with different operating frequencies are used to achieve multi-band coverage, then frequency band coverage is improved, but interference and distortion among radiating elements occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The radiating element is divided into multiple segments with different lengths, where each segment is designed to resonate at a specific frequency band. The first segment has a length corresponding to half the wavelength of the first frequency band, the second segment has a length corresponding to half the wavelength of the second frequency band, and so on. This segmentation allows each segment to independently radiate at its designated frequency while minimizing interference with other segments.
Solution Approach 2:
Different portions of the radiating element are given different electrical characteristics through varying segment lengths. Each segment's length is specifically tailored to its target frequency band, creating local quality variations that enable multi-band operation. The feed point is positioned to provide different feed point impedances to each segment, allowing independent optimization for each frequency band.
2Shape
If array length is increased to achieve desired beamwidth, then beamwidth control is improved, but the number of radiating elements increases leading to higher cost
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-segment radiating element serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides radiation for multiple frequency bands, acts as a single structural unit, and contributes to the overall array beamwidth control. By making each element multi-functional, the array achieves the desired beamwidth with fewer elements, reducing system complexity and cost.
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple frequency-specific radiating functions are merged into a single integrated radiating element structure. Instead of using separate elements for each frequency band, the invention combines them into one element with multiple segments, each contributing to the overall radiation pattern and beamwidth characteristics.
3Device complexity
If spacing between radiating elements is increased to reduce the number of elements, then device complexity is reduced, but grating lobes and attenuation increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the electrical parameters of the radiating elements through multi-segment design, which alters the current distribution and radiation characteristics. This allows for optimized spacing that reduces grating lobes while maintaining fewer elements. The different segment lengths create specific current distributions that can suppress grating lobe formation even at reduced element densities.
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 1C~1D
Figure 2A~2B
AI summary
A radiating element, comprising: a plurality of arm segments defining at least one dipole antenna having a wideband operating frequency range; and a stalk configured to suspend the arm segments above a planar reflector such that respective surfaces of the arm segments radially extend from an end of the stalk and parallel to the planar reflector, wherein corners of the respective surfaces of the arm segments are beveled, wherein: the at least one dipole antenna comprises first and second dipole antennas defined by opposing ones of the arm segments in a cross dipole arrangement; the first and second dipole antennas have respective arm lengths defined between opposing ends thereof; and the respective arm lengths are about one-half wavelength or more with respect to a lower bound of the wideband operating frequency range, and are about one full wavelength or less with respect to an upper bound of the wideband operating frequency range