Bi-directional Fluid Injection Cannula Single Entry Point
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional apparatuses and methods for bi-directional fluid injection in cardiopulmonary bypass procedures fail to generate adequate fluid flow in opposite directions within a channel, leading to increased risk of vascular complications and impaired circuit performance due to high pressures and multiple entry points into the blood vessel.
Innovation Solution
A bi-directional fluid injection system utilizing a retrograde cannula and an antegrade cannula, where the antegrade cannula diverts a portion of the fluid flowing through the retrograde cannula to provide directed flow in the opposite direction, using a single entry point with specially designed introducers for safe insertion and removal, and an elbow socket design to prevent the antegrade cannula from being released into the vessel.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If conventional apparatuses use multiple entry points and long tubing segments to achieve bi-directional fluid injection, then fluid flow in opposite directions can be achieved, but vascular complications increase and circuit performance deteriorates due to high pressures and increased stress on blood products
Solution Approach 1:
The device segments the single cannula into two functional outlets: a proximal outlet for antegrade flow and a distal outlet for retrograde flow. This allows bi-directional fluid injection through a single entry point, eliminating the need for multiple punctures and long tubing segments while maintaining the ability to flow fluid in opposite directions through the vessel.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a spatial dimension by positioning the two outlets at different locations along the cannula shaft (proximal and distal ends). This dimensional arrangement enables bi-directional flow capability without requiring multiple entry points into the vessel, as the opposite-direction flow is achieved through the distal outlet while the antegrade flow comes from the proximal outlet.
2Ease of operation
If additional tubing is used to reach the patient from the bypass circuit, then fluid can be delivered to the vessel, but the length of tubing increases stress on blood products and increases clot propensity
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the intermediate tubing segment by integrating the fluid delivery function directly into the cannula structure. The bypass circuit connects directly to the proximal outlet of the single cannula, removing the need for additional tubing to reach the patient and thereby eliminating the associated stress and clot risks.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges the cannula and the fluid delivery pathway into a single integrated component. The bypass circuit connects directly to the proximal outlet of the cannula, combining the entry point and fluid delivery function in one structure, thereby eliminating separate tubing segments and reducing overall system complexity.
3Productivity
If higher pressures are used to achieve desired flow rates through long tubing, then flow rates can be maintained, but circuit performance is impaired
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the source of pressure loss by removing the long intermediate tubing segment. By connecting the bypass circuit directly to the proximal outlet of the cannula, the system eliminates the pressure drop that would occur through long tubing, thereby maintaining flow rates without requiring excessively high pressures that would impair circuit performance.
4Ease of operation
If two separate entry points are used into the blood vessel, then bi-directional flow can be achieved, but the risk of vascular complications increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the two separate entry points into a single cannula structure with two outlets. The proximal outlet provides antegrade flow while the distal outlet provides retrograde flow, achieving bi-directional flow capability through a single puncture site and thereby reducing the risk of vascular complications associated with multiple entry points.
Data Source
AI summary
System and method for bi-directional fluid injection includes a retrograde introducer, a retrograde cannula having an inlet opening, intermediate opening and outlet opening, an antegrade introducer and an antegrade cannula. The retrograde introducer is configured to engage with the retrograde cannula and to insert the retrograde cannula into a fluid channel. The antegrade introducer is configured to engage with the antegrade cannula and to insert the antegrade cannula into the fluid channel from within the retrograde cannula through the intermediate opening. After insertion of both cannulas, both introducers are removed. In operation, fluid flows into the retrograde cannula inlet and a portion thereof is diverted to the antegrade cannula which flows the portion in a first direction in the channel, the remainder of the fluid flows out the retrograde cannula outlet in an opposite direction in the channel. The system is removed from the channel using the introducers in reverse order.