Biconcave Partition Cylinder for Double-Acting Engine
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing internal combustion engines face inefficiencies and environmental concerns due to the transfer of oil into combustion products and the need for complex exhaust systems, as well as a power-to-weight ratio imbalance and reliance on valves and compressors.
Innovation Solution
A double-acting piston engine design with a biconcave partition dividing the cylinder into two working spaces, eliminating valves and using fuel injectors and water injectors, which allows for efficient scavenging and combustion without oil in exhaust gases, reducing the need for a resonant exhaust system and enabling a simpler construction with a small fan for air pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a double-acting piston with biconcave partition is used to divide the cylinder into two working spaces, then the power-to-weight ratio is improved and scavenging efficiency is enhanced, but the device complexity increases due to the specific cylinder geometry and partition structure
Solution Approach 1:
The cylinder is divided into two separate working spaces (upper and lower chambers) by a biconcave partition, allowing independent operation of each chamber. This segmentation enables simultaneous power strokes in both chambers, effectively doubling the power output per crankshaft rotation while maintaining a compact structure that improves the power-to-weight ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The biconcave partition is nested within the cylinder body, with the partition's concave surfaces forming the combustion chambers while the convex surfaces interface with the piston. This nested arrangement allows the complex two-chamber configuration to be integrated into a single cylinder assembly, reducing overall structural complexity despite the enhanced functionality.
2Device complexity
If valves are eliminated in favor of a piston-driven scavenging system, then the device complexity is reduced and reliability is improved, but the scavenging efficiency may deteriorate without proper channel design
Solution Approach 1:
The valve mechanism is completely removed from the system. Instead of using valves to control intake and exhaust, the invention extracts this function and implements it through the piston's reciprocating motion, which opens and closes scavenging channels directly. This elimination of complex valve mechanisms simplifies the device while maintaining reliable operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The mechanical valve system is replaced with a piston-driven scavenging system where the piston itself acts as the flow control mechanism. The piston's movement directly opens and closes the scavenging channels, substituting the complex valve timing mechanism with a simpler, more reliable piston motion that is already inherent in the engine's power stroke cycle.
3Ease of operation
If oil is present in the fuel blend for two-stroke operation, then the ease of operation is improved, but harmful factors increase due to oil transfer to exhaust gases and pollution
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the harmful effect of oil presence in the fuel system into a beneficial outcome. By using the piston-driven scavenging system, the design allows complete separation of the fuel combustion process from the lubrication system. The piston creates a seal that prevents oil from entering the combustion chamber, thereby eliminating oil pollution in exhaust gases while maintaining the simplicity of two-stroke operation with fuel-oil blend.
Solution Approach 2:
The biconcave partition and piston seal act as intermediaries between the fuel injection system and the combustion chamber. These intermediary structures prevent direct contact between the lubricating oil in the crankcase and the combustion products, allowing the fuel blend to be supplied without oil contamination while maintaining ease of operation with conventional two-stroke fuel mixture.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If a resonant exhaust system is used to handle oil in exhaust gases, then the pollution is reduced, but the device complexity and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the pollution control function by eliminating the source of pollution rather than treating it afterward. By using the piston-driven seal system, the design prevents oil from entering the exhaust stream in the first place, making the complex resonant exhaust system unnecessary. This extraction of the pollution problem at its source simplifies the entire exhaust system while maintaining effective pollution control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves a high power-to-weight ratio, reduces pollution by preventing oil in exhaust gases, and allows for use in various vehicles and machinery with improved efficiency and ecological standards.
Implementation Method 1
an internal double-sided concave partition that divides the cylinder into the upper part of the cylinder and the bottom part of the cylinder
Implementation Method 2
the piston in the known engine is connected via an oscillating connecting rod to a crank of a crankshaft
Implementation Method 3
an ignition element in the form of a sparking plug or a glow plug
Implementation Method 4
fuel blend is supplied from a carburetor system into a cylinder space under a piston
Implementation Method 5
valves that carry off exhaust gases
Data Source
AI summary
An engine having a cylinder fastened to the engine ease with the biconcave internal partition, which divides the cylinder into the upper and bottom parts. Sparking plugs are mounted on both sides of the partition. The upper and the bottom parts of the cylinder have side scavenging channels which connect suction spaces to the working spaces of both parts of the cylinder. The upper and bottom parts of the cylinder have inlet and outlet orifices. Inside the upper and inside the bottom part of the cylinder and the upper and bottom piston are placed respectively, while both pistons are directed towards each other by the working surfaces. The pistons are connected by a rod that is led through the linear bearing that is embedded in the partition forming a seal. The connecting rod is fastened to the bottom piston and by its other end it is connected to the crankshaft.