Biconical Loop Antenna With Slot For Broadband Horizontal Polarization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas, such as turnstile dipoles and wire loops, have limited bandwidth, and there is a need for a broadband omnidirectional horizontally polarized loop antenna to complement the biconical dipole antenna.
Innovation Solution
A biconical loop antenna design featuring a conductive antenna body with opposing ends and a medial portion, where a slot extends from one end to the other, allowing for omnidirectional horizontal polarization and operation over a wide frequency range, with conical elements and dielectric material in the slot forming a slotted transmission line.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas (turnstile dipoles, wire loops) are used, then the antenna structure is simple, but the bandwidth is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional 2D planar loop antennas to a 3D biconical structure. The antenna body extends in multiple dimensions with conical elements tapering from a wider medial portion to narrower ends, utilizing three-dimensional space to achieve broadband omnidirectional radiation patterns while maintaining horizontal polarization.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna body is divided into multiple conical sections that taper from the medial portion toward the ends. This segmentation into conical elements allows each section to contribute to the overall broadband frequency response, with the gradual tapering providing impedance transformation across a wide frequency range.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a slot is added to the antenna body to create a slotted transmission line, then the frequency response bandwidth increases, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The slot is integrated directly into the antenna body structure, combining the transmission line function with the radiating element. The slot extends through the antenna body from one end to the other, merging the feed mechanism with the antenna structure itself, which simplifies assembly while achieving broadband performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The slot acts as an intermediary transmission line that couples the feed to the radiating elements. By forming the slot within the antenna body, it serves as both the transmission path and part of the resonant structure, enabling broadband operation without requiring separate feeding mechanisms.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the antenna body is made wider at the medial portion compared to the ends, then the impedance bandwidth exceeds that of conventional 2D loop antennas, but the structural complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna body exhibits deliberate asymmetry in its cross-sectional dimensions, being wider at the medial portion and tapering to narrower ends. This asymmetric geometry creates a gradual impedance transformation along the length of the antenna, broadening the frequency response while maintaining a relatively simple monolithic structure that can be fabricated as a single piece.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The biconical loop antenna achieves a broadband frequency response with high impedance bandwidth, exceeding that of conventional 2D loop antennas, and provides horizontal polarization suitable for applications like television broadcasting and FM radio, with properties that enhance RADAR camouflage.
Implementation Method 1
An antenna is a transducer that converts radio frequency electric current to electromagnetic waves that are then radiated into space
Implementation Method 2
conical elements and dielectric material in the slot forming a slotted transmission line
Data Source
AI summary
The biconical loop antenna is the dual and compliment to the biconical dipole antenna, and has broadband omnidirectional horizontally polarized radiation. The antenna includes a conductive antenna body having first and second opposing ends with a medial portion therebetween. The antenna body has a slot extending from at least adjacent the first end to at least adjacent the second end, and the medial portion of the antenna body is wider than the opposing ends. First and second body portions may be conical antenna elements connected together at their respective bases. Antenna feed points are at the medial and chine portion of the antenna body adjacent the slot.