Bicruciate Retaining Knee Arthroplasty Alignment Guide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional total knee arthroplasty procedures often require sacrificing the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), leading to suboptimal proprioception, kinematics, and biomechanical function, with bicruciate retaining knee replacements facing issues of stiffness and implant failure due to inadequate design and technique.
Innovation Solution
A surgical kit and method for performing knee arthroplasty that includes a distal femoral trial for evaluating and preparing the femur and tibia, allowing for precise alignment and resection techniques to preserve the cruciate ligaments, using modular components and adjustable instruments to ensure accurate positioning and orientation of implants.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional total knee arthroplasty procedures are performed, then knee joint replacement is achieved, but the cruciate ligaments must be sacrificed leading to suboptimal proprioception and biomechanical function
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the cruciate ligaments from the surgical procedure through precise bone resections that eliminate the need for ligament sacrifice. The distal femoral resection and proximal tibial resection are designed to create stable articulation without requiring ACL or PCL, thereby extracting the harmful ligament sacrifice from the procedure while maintaining biomechanical function.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates artificial bone surfaces and articulation geometries that replicate the functional role previously provided by the cruciate ligaments. The specially designed resection surfaces and implant interfaces copy the stabilizing and proprioceptive functions of the natural ligaments through precise mechanical constraints and surface geometries.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If bicruciate retaining knee replacements are used, then ligament preservation is achieved, but knee stiffness and implant failure occur due to inadequate design and technique
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies local quality by creating specific resection geometries at critical locations - the distal femur and proximal tibia - with precise angular and dimensional characteristics. These localized geometric modifications provide the necessary stability and rotation control without requiring ligament sacrifice, thereby maintaining ligament preservation while ensuring implant stability through locally optimized bone surfaces.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes critical parameters including resection angles, depths, and surface geometries to achieve stable bicruciate retaining arthroplasty. By modifying these geometric parameters of the bone resections and implant interfaces, the procedure achieves both ligament preservation and adequate rotation control, resolving the contradiction between retaining ligaments and preventing stiffness.
3Productivity
If traditional resection methods are used, then surgical procedure is completed, but alignment and positioning precision is insufficient leading to suboptimal outcomes
Solution Approach 1:
The invention employs preliminary action through pre-designed resection guides and alignment instruments that establish precise geometric parameters before the actual resection. The surgical technique incorporates preliminary marking and guidance steps that ensure accurate alignment and positioning are achieved during the resection process, thereby improving both efficiency and precision without requiring complex post-operative adjustments.
Data Source
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AI summary
Methods and apparatus (102, 118) for performing knee arthroplasty, including, but not limited to, bicruciate retaining knee arthroplasty, are described herein. Methods and apparatus for preparing a distal femur for a femoral implant as well as methods and apparatus for preparing a proximal tibia for a tibial implant are described. These methods and apparatus, in at least some embodiments and uses, facilitate decreasing the complexity of knee arthroplasty procedures such as bicruciate retaining procedures, while maintaining, if not improving on, the safety, accuracy and / or effectiveness of such procedures.