Bicycle Component Position Sensing with Hall-Effect Sensors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current bicycle systems lack an efficient and accurate method to identify the position of bicycle components, such as derailleurs, especially when using mechanical shift operating devices, which can be cumbersome and require separate indicators for each shift operating device.

Innovation Solution

A bicycle component featuring a base member, a movable portion with magnets, and a position sensing device using Hall-effect sensors to generate digital signals indicating the position of the movable portion, allowing for accurate identification of predetermined operating positions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of information

If mechanical gear position indicators operated by cable are used, then gear position indication is provided, but the device complexity increases and separate indicators are needed for each shift operating device

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegear position informationVSAvoidnumber of separate indicators
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple gear position sensing functions into a single integrated system. The cycle computer centrally receives and processes gear position information from multiple derailleurs, eliminating the need for separate mechanical indicators for each shift operating device. This merging approach reduces overall device complexity while maintaining complete gear position information.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The cycle computer serves as a universal display unit that can show gear position information for multiple derailleurs simultaneously. This multi-functional device replaces multiple specialized mechanical indicators, allowing riders to monitor all gear positions from a single centralized location on the handlebar.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If Hall-effect sensors with analog-to-digital conversion are used, then position identification accuracy is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition identification accuracyVSAvoidsensor system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical position sensing mechanisms with electronic Hall-effect sensors. These sensors detect magnetic field changes caused by magnet positions, providing accurate digital position identification without mechanical contact. This substitution eliminates wear and tear associated with mechanical systems while maintaining high measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes changes in magnetic field parameters (strength and direction) to determine position. By detecting variations in magnetic field characteristics as magnets move relative to the Hall-effect sensors, the system accurately identifies different gear positions through parameter changes rather than mechanical position detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If three Hall-effect sensor elements are used to detect magnetic field changes, then position detection reliability is improved, but the use of energy increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition detection reliabilityVSAvoidenergy consumption of sensor system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The Hall-effect sensors are passive devices that detect magnetic field changes without requiring active power consumption for the sensing function itself. The magnetic fields are generated by permanent magnets attached to the movable portions, which passively provide the detection signal. This self-service approach allows reliable position detection with minimal energy consumption from the sensor system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables easy and accurate identification of gear positions, integrating with cycle computers to provide riders with convenient and centralized information about their current gear selection, enhancing the overall riding experience.

Implementation Method 1

The position sensing device includes three Hall-effect sensor elements sensitive to a presence of a magnetic field to generate an analog signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHall-effect: Hall Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2030890B1Bicycle component with position sensing
Publication Date: 2013.05.15 SHIMANO INC
  • EP2030890B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2030890B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2030890B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A bicycle (10) component is basically provided with a base member (36), a movable portion (51), a magnetic element (61) and a position sensing device (62). The base member (36) is configured to be attached to a bicycle. The movable portion (51) is movably coupled to the base member (36), the movable portion including a plurality of predetermined operating positions. The magnetic element (61) is attached to one of the base member (36) and the movable portion (51). The position sensing device (62) is attached to the other one of the base member (36) and the movable portion (51). The position sensing device (62) includes a sensor element (62a) being sensitive to a presence of a magnetic field to generate an analog signal, and an analog-to-digital conversion unit (62b) configured to convert the analog signal from the sensor element (62a) into a digital signal to identify one of the predetermined operating positions of the movable portion (51).