Bidirectional Battery Converter for Stable Peak Power Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supply architectures for portable electronic devices face challenges in efficiently managing battery voltage fluctuations and power distribution between charging and discharging, particularly when power demand exceeds available supply.
Innovation Solution
A bidirectional power converter is integrated between charging circuitry and the battery, allowing for flexible power transfer based on component power requirements and available power, operating in both boost and buck modes to idealize battery behavior and manage power distribution effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a traditional unidirectional power converter is used for battery charging, then the charging circuit is simple, but the system cannot efficiently manage power when demand exceeds supply
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional power converter is designed to perform multiple functions: it can operate in forward mode for battery charging and in reverse mode for power delivery when demand exceeds supply. This multi-functionality allows a single converter to replace what would traditionally require separate charging and power delivery circuits, improving power management efficiency while controlling overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The power converter architecture transitions from a static unidirectional design to a dynamic bidirectional design where the converter can switch operating modes based on real-time power requirements. The system dynamically adjusts whether the converter operates in charging mode or power delivery mode, enabling efficient power management during varying load conditions.
2Reliability
If battery voltage fluctuations are not regulated, then the power delivery network is simpler, but downstream components experience voltage instability
Solution Approach 1:
The power delivery network incorporates voltage regulation mechanisms that monitor downstream voltage levels and adjust the bidirectional power converter's operation accordingly. This feedback control ensures that voltage fluctuations from the battery are compensated, maintaining stable voltage for downstream components while managing the complexity through intelligent control rather than additional passive regulation stages.
3Power
If power demand exceeds battery supply capacity, then the device can meet high power requirements, but voltage regulation becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional power converter enables the system to draw power from the battery in high-demand scenarios by operating in reverse mode, effectively inverting the traditional power flow direction. This allows the system to meet high power requirements during peak demand while the converter's control circuitry maintains voltage regulation by adjusting the inversion operation parameters.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution ensures stable and efficient power delivery to components during both charging and discharging, handling scenarios where power demand exceeds supply by optimizing voltage regulation and reducing current demands.
Implementation Method 1
a bidirectional power converter configured to electrically couple between the charging circuitry and the battery, wherein the bidirectional power converter is configured to transfer charge from the battery or transfer charge from the battery
Data Source
AI summary
A power management system for use in a device comprising a battery and one or more components configured to draw electrical energy from the battery may include a first power converter configured to electrically couple between charging circuitry configured to provide electrical energy for charging the battery and the one or more downstream components and a bidirectional power converter configured to electrically couple between the charging circuitry and the battery, wherein the bidirectional power converter is configured to transfer charge from the battery or transfer charge from the battery based on a power requirement of the one or more components and a power available from the first power converter.